Table 2 Risk of bias of the included studies
Keltner[20] | Author’s judgment | Support of judgment |
Allocation sequence (potential selection bias) | Unclear risk | Method not specified |
Allocation concealment (potential selection bias) | Low risk | Allocation was performed independently by a person not associated with the project |
Baseline differences in outcomes | High risk | Imbalanced for the marital status and not adjusted |
Baseline differences in characteristics | Low risk | No significant difference see Table 1 |
Incomplete outcome data (potential attrition bias) | Low risk | No attrition |
Knowledge of interventions (potential detection bias) | Low risk | Assessed blindly: assessors blinding: local professionals who would likely know some or all of the families participating were not involved in the assessments |
Contamination | - | - |
Selective outcome reporting | Low risk | No other outcomes mentioned |
Other risks of bias | Low risk | Â |
Scafidi[22] | Author’s judgment | Support of judgment |
Allocation sequence | Low risk | Random number table |
Allocation concealment | Low risk | Randomised by researcher not associated with the project |
Baseline differences in outcomes | Low risk | Imbalanced but adjusted |
Baseline differences in characteristics | Low risk | Adjusted |
Incomplete outcome data | Low risk | No drop out |
Knowledge of interventions | Low risk | Assessors were blind to the group intervention |
Contamination | - | - |
Selective outcome reporting | Low risk | No other outcomes mentioned |
Other risks of bias | Low risk | Â |
Barbosa[21] | Author’s judgment | Support of judgment |
Allocation sequence | High risk | By clinic attendance day |
Allocation concealment | Unclear risk | No information |
Baseline differences in outcomes | Unclear risk | No information |
Baseline differences in characteristics | High risk | No comparison made between the groups |
Incomplete outcome data | Unclear | No information |
Knowledge of interventions | Unclear | No information |
Contamination | - | - |
Selective outcome reporting | Low risk | Only reported items measured |
Other risks of bias | Low risk | Â |