From: Preterm birth by vacuum extraction and neonatal outcome: a population-based cohort study
Total | Unassisted vaginal delivery | CS during labor | Vacuum extraction | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 40,764 | n = 32,940% | n = 5,505% | n = 2,319% | |
Maternal age, yrs | ||||
-19 | 1,063 | 85.0 | 10.3 | 4.7 |
20-24 | 6,130 | 85.6 | 9.3 | 5.0 |
25-29 | 12,845 | 82.2 | 11.6 | 6.2 |
30-34 | 12,767 | 79.8 | 14.2 | 6.0 |
35-39 | 6,380 | 76.4 | 18.6 | 5.0 |
>39 | 1,351 | 72.7 | 22.1 | 5.3 |
Missing | 228 | 81.6 | 13.6 | 4.8 |
Maternal height, cm | ||||
-155 | 2,481 | 75.6 | 18.0 | 6.4 |
156-160 | 6,538 | 79.9 | 14.3 | 5.8 |
161-165 | 10,336 | 81.0 | 13.0 | 6.0 |
166-170 | 10,129 | 81.8 | 12.5 | 5.7 |
>170 | 7,169 | 81.9 | 13.1 | 5.0 |
Missing | 4,111 | 80.6 | 14.1 | 5.3 |
Maternal BMI | ||||
Underweight | 816 | 83.3 | 11.0 | 5.6 |
Normal | 14,197 | 81.2 | 12.8 | 6.0 |
Overweight | 6,124 | 79.0 | 15.2 | 5.8 |
Obese | 2,944 | 76.4 | 19.4 | 4.1 |
Missing | 16,683 | 81.7 | 12.6 | 5.7 |
Parity | ||||
Primipara | 18,120 | 80.0 | 11.6 | 8.4 |
Multipara | 22,644 | 81.8 | 15.9 | 2.3 |
Preeclampsia | ||||
Yes | 1,833 | 64.2 | 28.3 | 7.5 |
No | 38,931 | 81.6 | 12.8 | 5.6 |
Diabetes | ||||
Yes | 1,434 | 65.9 | 26.2 | 7.9 |
No | 39,330 | 81.3 | 13.0 | 5.6 |
Induced labor | ||||
Yes | 6,372 | 73.8 | 19.9 | 6.3 |
No | 34,392 | 82.1 | 12.3 | 5.6 |
EA | ||||
Yes | 8,894 | 80.9 | 7.3 | 11.8 |
No | 31,870 | 80.8 | 15.2 | 4.0 |
Gestational age, weeks | ||||
22-27 | 1,276 | 77.0 | 22.4 | 0.6 |
28-31 | 2,344 | 72.0 | 25.5 | 2.5 |
32-36 | 37,144 | 81.5 | 12.4 | 6.1 |
Infant birthweight, g | ||||
< 1500 | 2,367 | 69.8 | 28.7 | 1.4 |
1501-2000 | 3,365 | 70.5 | 25.5 | 4.0 |
2001-2500 | 9,691 | 79.9 | 14.5 | 5.7 |
2501-3000 | 15,613 | 84.5 | 9.2 | 6.3 |
3001-4000 | 9,079 | 82.9 | 10.6 | 6.5 |
Missing | 649 | 70.4 | 25.0 | 4.6 |