Table 1 Comparison of maternal basic characters, maternal-fetal complications

Age (year)

30.32 ± 4.62

30.83 ± 4

31 ± 4.76

Family history (%)

26.4

11.6^a

18.2

History of spontaneous abortion (%)

15.1

14.6

15.2

History of stillbirth (%)

9.4

1.5^a

4.5

Chronic hypertension (%)

5.7

1

0.8

OGTT 0 h (mmol/L)†

8.5 (7.03-10.42)

5.28 (4.88-5.62)^ab

7.53 (6.46-9.16)

OGTT 1 h (mmol/L)‡

15.17 ± 1.63

10.64 ± 1.57^ab

13.35 ± 2.87

OGTT 2 h (mmol/L)§

15.33 ± 3.13

9.12 ± 1.06^ab

14.13 ± 3.66

Maternal weight before delivery (kg)¶

75 (65.23-89.63)

74 (66.62-80)

73.75 (63–83.5)

Neonatal weight (kg)||

3.49 ± 0.75

3.41 ± 0.46

3.46 ± 0.60

Cesarean rate (%)

88.7

92.9

85.6

Time of delivery (day)

264 (250.5-270)

268 (263–274)^ab

263.5 (252.25-272)

Antenatal random glycemia (mmol/L)††

7.67 (5.5-10.22)

5.61 (4.75-6.7)^ab

7.31 (5.17-9.63)

Ketoacidosis (%)

0

0

1.5

PIH (%)

18.9

9.1^b

27.3

Preeclampsia (%)

15.1

5.6^b

16.7

Premature rupture of membranes (%)

17

6.1

8.3

Fetal distress (%)

13.2

4

7.6

Polyhydramnios (%)

7.5

2

2.3

Oligohydramnios (%)

1.9

4

6.1

Hyperthyroidism (%)

1.9

0.5

0

Hypothyroidism (%)

0

2

0

Vaginitis (%)

1.9

1

0

NICU (%)‡‡

40^b

10.9^ab

21.5^a

Neonatal jaundice (%)‡‡

20

10.9

10

Neonatal deformity (%)‡‡

2.2

1.1

0

Stillbirth (%)‡‡

6.7

0.5^b

6.2

Preterm birth (%)§§

36.5

12.8^ab

31.7

Neonatal hypoglycemia (%)‡‡

0

0

0.8

Neonatal asphyxia (%)‡‡

0

5.5

6.2

Neonatal infection (%)‡‡

0

1.1

0