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Table 2 Effect of postpartum nutrition and exercise interventions on maternal weight, adiposity

From: Systematic review of the effect of individual and combined nutrition and exercise interventions on weight, adiposity and metabolic outcomes after delivery: evidence for developing behavioral guidelines for post-partum weight control

Author, yr

Weight (kg) SD

BMI (kg/m2)

Adiposity

Nutrition and Exercise interventions

Bertz (2012) [30]

Weight (12 weeks)

 

Fat mass:

 

D: −8.3 ± 3.0

D: −2.9 ± 1.5

D: −6.9 ± 3.4

 

E: −2.4 ± 3.2

E: −0.8 ± 1.0

E: −1.8 ± 3.0

 

DE: −6.9 ± 3.0

DE: −2.5 1.0

DE: −6.2 ± 3.1

 

C: −0.8 ± 3.0; P < 0.001

C: −0.3 1.1; P < 0.001

C: −0.7 ± 3.1

 

Weight (1 year):

 

1 year:

 

D: −10.2 ± 5.7

D: −3.6 ± 2.0

D: −9.2 ± 5.6

 

E: −2.7 ± 5.9

E: −0.9 ± 2.0

E: −2.5 ± 5.9

 

DE: −7.3 ± 6.3

DE: −2.6 ± 2.2

DE: −6.0 ± 7.0

 

C: −0.9 ± 6.6; P < 0.001

C: −0.3 ± 2.4; P < 0.001

C: −1.8 ± 6.2

Colleran (2012) [32]

I: −5.8 (SE:3.5)

I: 0.9 (SE 1.5)

 
 

C: −1.6 (SE:5.4);

C: 2.1 (SE1.4);

 
 

P <0.01

P <0.01

 

Leermakers (1998) [31]

I: −7.8 ± 4.5

  
 

C: −4.9 ± 5.4

  
 

(Pa = 0.03)

  

Lovelady (2000) [37]

I: −4.8 ± 1.7

I: −1.8 ± 0.6

Skinfold thickness; all 6 measures (P < 0.01)b

 

C: −0.8 ± 2.3

C: −0.3 ± 0.9 (P < 0.01)

 
 

(P < 0.001)

  

O’Toole (2003) [36]

I: −7.3

  
 

C: −1.3

  
 

(P < 0.05)

  
 

SD-NR

  

Ostbye (2009) [29]

I: −0.9 ± 5.1

  
 

C: −0.36 ± 4.9

  
 

(P = 0.25)

  

Craigie (2011) [28]

I: −1.6 ± 2.0

 

Waist circumference

 

C:0.2 ± 2.2

 

I: −4.4 ± 3.5

 

(P = 0.018)

 

C: −2.8 ± 4.5

   

(P = 0.23)

   

% body fat

   

I: −1.5 ± 0.8

   

C: −0.5 ± 1.4

   

(P = 0.32)

Huang (2011) [25]

I: −11.21

  
 

C: −11.04

  
 

(P-value NR)

  
 

SD-NR

  

Davenport (2011) [33]

I: −5.0 ± 2.9

I: −1.8

Waist-to-Hip Ratio

 

Diet + moderate intensity exercise;

moderate intensity

I: −0.05

  

I: −1.5

I: −0.03

 

I: −4.2 ± 4.0

low intensity

C: 0.0

 

Diet + low intensity exercise;

C: 0.0

SD:NR

 

Historical controls:

SD-NR

(P < 0.05)a

 

−0.1 ± 3.3

(P < 0.05)a

 
 

(P < 0.01)a

  

Exercise-only interventions

Dewey (1994) [34]

I: −1.6

  
 

C: −1.6

  
 

(p > 0.05)

  
 

SD-NR

  

Zourladani (2011) [27]

I: −3.3

  
 

C: −1.3

  
 

(P = 0.667)

  
 

SD-NR

  

Maturi (2011) [26]

I: −2.1

I: −0.81

Waist-to-Hip Ratio

 

C: 0

C: 0.1

I: −0.02

 

(P < 0.001)

(P < 0.001)

C: 0.01

 

SD-NR

SD-NR

(P = 0.02)

   

SD-NR

Diet-only interventions

Krummel (2010) [35]

I: −2.9 ± 11.8

I: −0.54 ± 1.9

 
 

C: −2.9 ± 10.7

C: −0.54 ± 1.8 (P > 0.05)

 
 

(P > 0.05)

  
  1. SD = Standard Deviation; NR = Not reported aP-values reflect relationship between control and the medium and low intensity exercise groups. bSkinfold thickness measures include triceps, subscapular area, mid-axillary line, abdomen, thigh and suprailiac area.