Table 4 Test case findings about knowledge of providers in diagnosing and managing postpartum hemorrhage by facility and provider type
Knowledge parameter assessed through the test case | Total | CI [95% Conf. Interval] | PHC (204) | HF-PUBLIC (147) | HF-PVT (124) | P Value* | Nurse/ ANM (248) | Doctors (138) | Obstetricians (89) | P Value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identify first action - checking uterine tone | 37.7 | 33.3-42.2 | 27.9 | 44.2 | 46.0 | 0.001 | 25.4 | 33.3 | 78.7 | <0.001 |
List uterine atony as a common cause of PPH | 38.7 | 34.3-43.3 | 27.9 | 44.2 | 50.0 | <0.001 | 18.5 | 50.7 | 76.4 | <0.001 |
List retained placenta as a common cause of PPH | 54.9 | 50.3-59.5 | 52.9 | 56.5 | 56.5 | 0.748 | 46.0 | 63.0 | 67.4 | <0.001 |
List vaginal or cervical tears as a common cause of PPH | 60.0 | 55.4-64.4 | 59.8 | 63.3 | 56.5 | 0.520 | 54.4 | 60.1 | 75.3 | 0.003 |
Correctly define early PPH | 40.2 | 35.8-44.8 | 43.6 | 38.1 | 37.1 | 0.414 | 30.6 | 45.7 | 58.4 | <0.001 |
Correctly diagnose genital trauma as a cause of PPH | 53.3 | 48.7-57.8 | 45.6 | 53.7 | 65.3 | 0.002 | 36.7 | 59.4 | 89.9 | <0.001 |
Perform a speculum examination for PPH with contracted uterus | 36.0 | 31.7-40.5 | 25.5 | 44.2 | 43.5 | <0.001 | 26.2 | 30.4 | 71.9 | <0.001 |
Check vital signs as a part of the initial assessment | 68.2 | 63.8-72.4 | 65.7 | 70.7 | 69.4 | 0.574 | 62.1 | 71.7 | 79.8 | 0.005 |
Prescribe starting IV | 55.2 | 50.6-59.7 | 54.4 | 56.5 | 54.8 | 0.927 | 49.6 | 54.3 | 71.9 | 0.001 |
List blood hemoglobin as an essential test required | 17.7 | 14.4-21.4 | 11.8 | 21.1 | 23.4 | 0.012 | 9.3 | 17.4 | 41.6 | 0.002 |
Monitor vital signs | 59.2 | 54.6-63.6 | 52.0 | 59.2 | 71.0 | 0.003 | 51.6 | 59.4 | 79.8 | <0.001 |