Association between gestational age at birth, antenatal corticosteroids, and outcomes at 5 years: multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids for preterm birth study at 5 years of age (MACS-5)

Table 2 Perinatal/neonatal, 18–24 months, and 5-year outcomes of infants/children by gestational age at delivery

Outcomes	Preterm (<30 weeks) N = 200	Preterm (30–36 weeks) N = 1066	Term (≥37 weeks) N = 462^a
Gender^b
Male	106 (53%)	560 (53%)	240 (52%)
Female	94 (47%)	506 (47%)	222 (48%)
Death or serious neonatal morbidity: composite primary outcome (one or more of death, severe RDS^c, BPD^d, IVH^e [grade III/IV], cystic PVL^f, NEC^g)	126 (64%)	107 (10%)	2 (<0.01%)
Missing	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (<0.01%)
Death or neurologic impairment at 18–24 months: composite primary outcome (one or more of death, cerebral palsy or cognitive delay)	89 (45%)	128 (12.0%)	27 (6%)
Missing	1 (0.01%)	5 (0.1%)	2 (<0.01%)
Death or severe disability (neuromotor, neurosensory, neurocognitive) at 5 years §	104 (52%)	237 (22%)	86 (19%)

^a1 lost to follow-up case earlier in trial found and included at 5 years; no neonatal and 18–24 months data available;
^bNew information found on gender.
^cRDS = respiratory distress syndrome; ^dBPD = bronchopulmonary dysplasia;
^eIVH = intraventricular hemorrhage; ^fPVL = periventricular leukomalacia;
^gNEC = necrotising enterocolitis.
§Clinical information of 19 cases missing/inadequate questionnaires were reviewed by an adjudication committee (10 cases were adjudicated to contribute to analysis and primary outcome; 9 had insufficient information).

ISSN: 1471-2393