Factors associated with health facility childbirth in districts of Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia: a population based survey

Table 4 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression of health facility childbirths adjusted by socio-economic, socio-demographic and proximate factors in Malindi district, Kenya in women aged 15–49 years (N = 1800) ^§

	Bivariates				Multivariate step 1				Multivariate step 2 (full model)
	Rural		Urban		Rural		Urban		Rural		Urban
	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value	AOR (95% CI)	p value	AOR (95% CI)	p value	AOR (95% CI)	p value	AOR (95% CI)	p value
Underlying factors
SEP (1–16)†	1.09 (0.99-1.20)	0.071	1.16 (1.09-1.23)	0.001	1.09 (0.99-1.20)	0.075	1.16 (1.09-1.23)	0.001	1.06 (0.96-1.17)	0.228	1.14 (1.09-1.16)	<0.001
Age (15–49)	0.96 (0.93-1.00)	0.066	1.02 (0.92-1.09)	0.422	0.96 (0.92-1.00)	0.049	1.01 (0.96-1.07)	0.553	0.96 (0.92-1.01)	0.102	0.99 (0.94-1.05)	0.895
Marital status
Married	1.00	0.486	1.00	0.386	1.00	0.530	1.00	0.314	1.00	0.395	1.00	0.166
Single/Divorced	0.77 (0.36-1.66)		1.32 (0.66-2.62)		0.79 (0.37-1.70)		1.45 (0.63-3.37)		0.70 (0.28-1.77)		2.03 (0.68-6.03)
Proximate factors
Trust-Quality (1–4)	1.02 (0.76-1.38)	0.885	1.03 (0.76-1.39)	0.834					1.04 (0.76-1.43)	0.804	1.00 (0.73-1.36)	0.962
Perceived cost (1–5)	0.73 (0.49-1.07)	0.097	0.69 (0.48-0.98)	0.041					0.97 (0.69-1.38)	0.942	0.71 (0.41-1.26)	0.191
Perceived distance (1–5)	0.55 (0.41-0.73)	<0.001	0.89 (0.55-1.44)	0.607					0.58 (0.45-0.75)	<0.001	1.09 (0.63-1.89)	0.686
ANC visits (0–9)	1.32 (1.07-1.63)	0.013	1.31 (0.95-1.81)	0.089					1.29 (1.05-1.53)	0.018	1.35 (1.00-1.81)	0.050
Ever HIV tested
Yes	1.00	0.432	1.00	0.011					1.00	0.332	1.00	0.085
No	0.83 (0.51-1.35)		0.58 (0.39-0.85)						0.84 (0.57-1.24)		0.64 (0.37-1.12)
Pseudo R squares
Nagelkerke					0.04		0.15		0.18		0.22

^§Women with childbirth in the previous five years before and until 2007 were included in analysis.
Significant odds ratios and p values indicated in bold. Odds ratios calculated by multivariate logistic regression using complex samples. All confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for clustering effect using SPSS Windows Version 19 with the standard enumeration area (SEA) as clusters.
†The number in brackets indicates number of levels from lowest to highest for covariates that were entered in the model as continuous variables.

ISSN: 1471-2393