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Table 2 Labor and birth

From: Effective suckling in relation to naked maternal-infant body contact in the first hour of life: an observation study

 

Births observed

Queensland perinatal data (2005)

n (%)

(%)

Onset of labor

  

 Spontaneous

43 (55.1)

(57.2)

 Induced

25 (32.1)

(23.4)

 No labour (c/s)

10 (12.8)

(19.5)

Adverse birth event

  

 Prolonged 2nd stage &/or failure to progress

9 (11.5)

(12.4)

 Foetal distress &/or meconium liquor

12 (15.4)

(20.2)

 Labour <4 hours (precipitate birth)

10 (14.7)

(23.5)

Method of Analgesia during labor a

  

 At least one method

55 (70.5)

(63.6)

 Nitrous oxide

52 (66.7)

(62.4)

 Pethidine (narcotic IM/IV)b

22 (28.2)

(35.3)

 Epidural

24 (30.8)

(33.9)

 Spinal anaesthesia/other

11 (14.1)

(10.1)

Vaginal birth

  

 Spontaneous vertex

52 (66.7)

(59.5)

 Forceps/vacuum extraction

9 (11.5)

(7.9)

Caesarean section

  

 Elective caesarean section

10 (12.8)

(19.5)

 Emergency caesarean section

7 (9)

(13)

Episiotomy

11 (14.1)

(13.5)

Baby Apgar score @ 1 minute

  

 Score of 6 – 7c

8 (6.5)

(14.8)

 Score of 8 - 10

70 (89.7)

(83.2)

Baby Apgar score @ 5 minutes

  

 Score of 8 - 10

78 (100)

(97.4)

Birth weight by gestation

  

 2000 - 2449 grams

  

   36 weeks gestation (32–36)d

1 (1.3)

(1.8)

   37–41 weeks gestation

4 (5.1)

(1.5)

   2500 grams - 3999

  

   37–41 weeks gestation

58 (74.4)

(78.3)

   4000 grams plus

  

   37 plus weeks gestation

15 (19.2)

(15.8)

Sex

  

 Male

40 (51.3)

(51.5)

 Female

38 (48.7)

(48.5)

  1. aMultiple methods of analgesia/anaesthesia included.
  2. bIntramuscular (IM) or Intravenous (IV).
  3. cPerinatal Data range is 4–6 for State of Queensland.
  4. dPerinatal Data range is 32–36 weeks gestation for State of Queensland.
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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