Case–control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women

Table 5 Risk factors for mastitis according to multiple logistic regression analysis

Variables	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P-value
Cracked nipples	1.43	1.23–1.67	< 0.0001
Antibiotics during breastfeeding	5.38	2.85–10.14	< 0.0001
Infant age	0.92	0.87–0.96	< 0.0001
Breast pumps	2.78	1.68–4.58	< 0.0001
Antifungal medication during breastfeeding	3.81	1.35–10.76	0.0009
Mastitis in previous breastfeeding	3.91	1.60–9.56	0.0014
Breast milk coming in later than 24 h	2.26	1.24–4.12	0.0016
Mastitis in the family	2.28	1.26–4.13	0.0028
Separation child-mother longer than 24 h	6.40	1.77–23.18	0.0027
Cream on nipples	1.91	1.13–3.24	0.0228
Throat infection	2.05	1.10–3.80	0.0224

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
The following variables have been included in the analysis: infant age; mastitis in the family and in previous breastfeeding; urinary, throat and skin infection; vaginal candidiasis; anemia; thrush; breast/nipple pain during pregnancy; parity; place and type of delivery; antibiotherapy and analgesia during delivery; first contact with child; separation child-mother longer than 24 h; first breastfeed after birth; problems to latch on nipple at first; time until the milk comes in; milk amount; mixed/exclusive breastfeeding; breastfeeding two children; time since breastfeeding started; pacifier; nipple shields; bottle-feeding; cream on nipples; breast pumps; cracked nipples; antibiotics, antifungal medication, analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during breastfeeding.

ISSN: 1471-2393