From: Case–control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women
Variables | Case, n* (%) | Control, n* (%) | OR | 95% CI | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Threatened miscarriage | |||||
No | 308 (85.08) | 135 (91.22) | Reference | 0.063 | |
Yes | 54 (14.92) | 13 (8.78) | 1.82 | 0.96–3.45 | |
Breast/nipple pain during pregnancy | |||||
No | 249 (70.94) | 117 (80.14) | Reference | 0.034 | |
Yes | 102 (29.06) | 29 (19.86) | 1.65 | 1.04–2.64 | |
Antibiotics during pregnancy | |||||
No | 271 (77.87) | 122 (82.43) | Reference | 0.252 | |
Yes | 77 (22.13) | 26 (17.57) | 1.33 | 0.81–2.18 | |
Antifungal medication during pregnancy | |||||
No | 317 (89.30) | 138 (93.24) | Reference | 0.170 | |
Yes | 38 (10.70) | 10 (6.76) | 1.65 | 0.80–3.41 | |
Analgesics during pregnancy | |||||
No | 233 (64.36) | 105 (71.43) | Reference | 0.126 | |
Yes | 129 (35.64) | 42 (28.57) | 1.38 | 0.91–2.10 | |
Group B Streptococcus positive test | |||||
No | 278 (79.89) | 115 (80.99) | Reference | 0.781 | |
Yes | 70 (20.11) | 27 (19.01) | 1.07 | 0.65–1.76 | |
Age range at last delivery | |||||
< 25 | 5 (1.37) | 5 (3.45) | Reference | 0.305 | |
25-35 | 242 (66.12) | 95 (65.52) | 2.55 | 0.72–9.00 | |
> 35 | 119 (32.51) | 45 (31.03) | 2.64 | 0.73–9.57 | |
Primiparous/Multiparous | |||||
Multiparous | 113 (30.87) | 62 (42.18) | Reference | 0.015 | |
Primiparous | 253 (69.13) | 85 (57.82) | 1.63 | 1.10–2.43 | |
Place of delivery | |||||
Private clinic | 118 (33.71) | 25 (17.01) | Reference | 0.021 | |
Public hospital | 224 (64.00) | 113 (76.87) | 0.42 | 0.26–0.68 | |
Home | 8 (2.29) | 9 (6.12) | 0.19 | 0.07–0.54 | |
Type of delivery | |||||
Vaginal | 267 (76.95) | 125 (85.03) | Reference | 0.042 | |
Caesarean section | 80 (23.05) | 22 (14.97) | 1.70 | 1.01–2.86 | |
Antibiotherapy during delivery | |||||
No | 201 (57.59) | 100 (67.57) | Reference | 0.038 | |
Yes | 148 (42.41) | 48 (32.43) | 1.53 | 1.02–2.30 | |
Epidural analgesia during delivery | |||||
No | 73 (20.17) | 48 (32.43) | Reference | 0.003 | |
Yes | 289 (79.83) | 100 (67.57) | 1.90 | 1.24–2.92 | |
First contact with child | |||||
Immediately | 243 (66.21) | 114 (77.51) | Reference | 0.019 | |
10-60 min | 78 (21.25) | 25 (17.01) | 1.46 | 0.89–2.42 | |
> 60 min | 46 (12.53) | 8 (5.44) | 2.70 | 1.23–5.90 | |
Separation child-mother longer than 24 h | |||||
No | 330 (89.92) | 144 (97.30) | Reference | 0.009 | |
Yes | 37 (10.08) | 4 (2.70) | 4.04 | 1.41–11.53 |