The influence of women’s preferences and actual mode of delivery on post-traumatic stress symptoms following childbirth: a population-based, longitudinal study

Table 2 Correlations between posttraumatic stress symptoms following childbirth and all putative risk factors

	1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	8.	9.	10.	11.	12.	13.	14.
1. PTSD symptoms (8 weeks postpartum)	1
2. Prior PTSD (pregnancy week 17)	0.19^***	1
3. Prior Sexual Abuse^a (8 weeks postpartum)	0.13^***	0.24^***	1
4. Fear of childbirth (pregnancy week 32)	0.28^***	0.11^***	0.08^**	1
5. Depression (pregnancy week 32)	0.35^***	0.28^***	0.18^***	0.40^***	1
6. Anxiety (pregnancy week 32)	0.33^***	0.33^***	0.16^**	0.31^***	0.68^***	1
7. Neuroticism (pregnancy week 17)	0.23^***	0.22^***	0.12^***	0.29^***	0.48^***	0.41^***	1
8. Conscientiousness (pregnancy week 17)	−0.11^***	−0.09^***	−0.07^**	−0.16^***	−0.15^***	−0.15^***	−0.13^***	1
9. Extraversion (pregnancy week 17)	−0.02	−0.03	−0.03	−0.14^***	−0.11^***	−0.12^***	−0.12^***	0.16^***	1
10. Agreeableness (pregnancy week 17)	0.00	0.03	0.03	−0.12^***	−0.01	0.01	−0.05	0.21^***	0.31^***	1
11. Imagination (pregnancy week 17)	0.01	0.02	0.05^*	−0.04	0.03	0.04	0.00	0.02	0.25^***	0.28^***	1
12. Medical risk (perinatally)	0.04	0.09^***	0.09^***	0.02	0.04	0.06^*	0.02	−0.03	−0.01	0.01	0.00	1
13. Parity (pregnancy week 17)	−0.15^***	−0.04	−0.05	−0.14^***	0.03	−0.01	−0.02	0.03	−0.04	−0.04	0.00	0.08^**	1
14. Age (perinatally)	−0.12^***	−0.13^***	−0.02	0.00	−0.07^**	−0.15^***	−0.11^***	0.11^***	−0.01	−0.02	0.08^**	0.06^**	0.40^***	1
15. Education (perinatally)	−0.08^**	−0.11^***	−0.09^***	−0.01	−0.09^***	−0.13^***	−0.13^***	0.03	0.05^*	0.06^*	0.13^***	−0.05	−0.01	0.26^***

^*p < .05, ^**p < .01, ^***p < .001.
^aPrior sexual abuse, medical risk, parity and education are dichotomous variables.

ISSN: 1471-2393