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Table 1 Selected maternal characteristics, antenatal risk factors, and pregnancy outcomes, by ethnicity and diabetes in pregnancy status, Alberta, Canada, 2000–2009 (n = 427,058)

From: Diabetes in pregnancy among First Nations women in Alberta, Canada: a retrospective analysis

 

Women without diabetes (n = 407,855)

Women with diabetes (n = 19,173)

 

First Nations (n = 26,793)

Non-First Nations (n = 381,092)

P-value

First Nations (n = 1,513)

Non-First Nations (n = 17,660)

P-value

Maternal characteristics and risks

      

Age (years)

24.7 (5.8)

28.7 (5.5)

<0.001

28.9 (6.2)

31.6 (5.3)

<0.001

Rural

51.8 (51.2-52.4)

15.9 (15.8-16.0)

<0.001

52.5 (49.9-55.0)

11.4 (10.9-11.9)

<0.001

Weight ≥ 91 kg

10.8 (10.5-11.2)

8.0 (7.9-8.1)

<0.001

31.7 (29.3-34.1)

18.4 (17.9-19.0)

<0.001

Pre-existing hypertension

0.9 (0.8-1.0)

0.9 (0.9-1.0)

0.367

4.2 (3.3-5.4)

3.3 (3.0-3.5)

0.041

Pregnancy induced hypertension

4.4 (4.2-4.7)

5.7 (5.6-5.7)

<0.001

8.1 (6.7-9.7)

12.2 (11.7-12.7)

0.193

Proteinuria

2.4 (2.2-2.6)

1.9 (1.9-2.0)

<0.001

5.6 (4.5-6.9)

3.9 (3.9-4.2)

0.001

Anemia

2.3 (2.1-2.5)

0.6 (0.5-0.6)

<0.001

1.3 (0.8-2.0)

0.5 (0.4-0.7)

<0.001

Smoker

54.7 (54.1-55.3)

17.0 (16.9-17.2)

<0.001

49.4 (46.8-51.9)

14.3 (13.8-14.8)

<0.001

Alcohol anytime

10.4 (10.0-11.0)

1.7 (1.5-1.8)

<0.001

7.8 (6.2-9.8)

1.0 (0.8-1.1)

<0.001

Drug dependant

6.6 (6.3-6.9)

0.9 (0.8-0.9)

<0.001

3.5 (2.6-4.6)

0.4 (0.3-0.5)

<0.001

Antepartum risk ≥ 7

10.4 (10.1-10.8)

5.1 (5.1-5.2)

<0.001

30.7 (28.4-33.1)

19.8 (19.2-2.4)

<0.001

Pregnancy Outcomes

      

Induction of labour

23.8 (23.1-24.3)

27.3 (27.1-27.4)

<0.001

41.7 (39.2-44.2)

40.9 (40.2-41.7)

0.554

Cesarean section

19.1 (18.6-19.5)

25.5 (25.4-25.6)

<0.001

35.4 (33.0-37.8)

39.8 (39.0-40.9)

0.001

Low birth weight

8.0 (7.6-8.3)

7.1 (7.0-7.2)

<0.001

7.2 (6.0-8.6)

8.6 (8.2-9.0)

0.063

High birth weight

16.7 (16.3-17.2)

11.1 (10.9-11.1)

<0.001

29.3 (27.0-31.6)

12.9 (12.4-13.4)

<0.001

Breastfeeding

71.2 (70.5-72.8)

88.3 (88.2-88.6)

<0.001

74.7 (69.3-79.6)

86.3 (85.4-87.1)

<0.001

Preterm

9.2 (8.9-9.6)

8.8 (8.7-8.9)

0.026

17.3 (15.4-19.3)

14.7 (14.2-15.3)

0.008

Stillbirth

1.2 (1.1-1.3)

0.7 (0.6-0.7)

<0.001

2.1 (1.5-2.9)

0.6 (0.5-0.8)

<0.001

Congenital anomaly

1.8 (1.6-2.0)

1.5 (1.4-1.5)

0.001

1.4 (0.8-2.3)

1.7 (1.5-2.1)

0.243

Neonatal intensive care unit admission

8.6 (8.3-9.0)

11.2 (11.1-11.3)

<0.001

16.7 (14.8-15.7)

19.4 (18.8-20.0)

<0.001

  1. Data presented are mean (standard deviation) or percentage (95% confidence intervals).