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Table 1 Bivariate comparisons of postpartum mental health symptoms by participant characteristics

From: Intimate partner abuse before and during pregnancy as risk factors for postpartum mental health problems

 Participant characteristics

Postpartum mental health symptoms

Stress

Anxiety

Depression

OCD

PTSD

 

M (SD)

95% CI

t

M (SD)

95% CI

t

M (SD)

95% CI

t

M (SD)

95% CI

t

M (SD)

95% CI

t

Age

               

 Less than 33 years (n = 50)

14.76 (9.78)

11.98-17.54

0.43

5.72 (6.50)

3.87-7.57

1.29

5.88 (5.71)

4.26-7.50

0.24

5.90 (7.61)

3.74-8.06

0.46

7.58 (8.86)

5.06-10.10

0.27

 33 years or older (n = 50)

13.96 (8.68)

11.49-16.43

 

4.32 (4.03)

3.17-5.46

 

5.60 (5.74)

3.97-7.23

 

5.26 (6.12)

3.52-7.00

 

7.16 (6.71)

5.25-9.07

 

Race

               

 Caucasian (n = 71)

14.85 (9.44)

12.61-17.08

0.82

5.04 (5.52)

3.74-6.35

0.06

5.77 (5.89)

4.38-7.17

0.09

6.42 (7.43)

4.66-8.18

1.94

6.93 (7.28)

5.21-8.65

0.88

 Other (n = 29)

13.17 (8.66)

9.88-16.47

 

4.97 (5.28)

2.96-6.97

 

5.66 (5.29)

3.64-7.67

 

3.52 (4.81)

1.69-5.35

 

8.45 (9.06)

5.00-11.86

 

Education

               

 Less than high school (n = 4)

17.50 (12.79)

2.86-37.86

0.69

13.50 (9.57)

1.73-28.73

3.35***

11.00 (6.63)

0.44-21.55

1.91

10.00 (10.10)

6.07-26.07

1.32

19.00 (14.90)

4.71-42.71

3.17**

 High school or greater (n = 96)

14.23 (9.10)

12.39-16.07

 

4.67 (4.96)

3.66-5.67

 

5.52 (5.59)

4.39-6.65

 

5.40 (6.72)

4.03-6.76

 

6.89 (7.13)

5.44-8.33

 

Annual Income

               

 Less than $60,000 (n = 21)

15.2 4 (8.40)

11.41-19.06

0.18

8.29 (7.05)

5.08-11.50

3.34***

7.14 (5.78)

4.51-9.77

1.05

6.29 (8.29)

2.51-10.06

0.57

11.43 (9.76)

6.99-15.87

2.92**

 $60,000 or more (n = 62)

14.81 (9.68)

12.35-17.26

 

3.87 (4.49)

2.73-5.01

 

5.61 (5.77)

4.15-7.08

 

5.31 (6.32)

3.70-6.91

 

5.89 (6.63)

4.20-7.57

 

Relationship Status

               

 Single (n = 5)

22.40 (8.53)

11.81-32.99

2.03*

12.40 (6.07)

4.87-19.93

3.27***

12.40 (3.29)

8.32-16.48

2.77**

7.20 (7.33)

1.90-16.30

0.54

22.40 (8.44)

11.92-32.88

4.89***

 In a relationship (n = 95)

13.94 (9.09)

12.09-15.79

 

4.63 (5.14)

3.58-5.68

 

5.39 (5.59)

4.25-6.53

 

5.49 (6.88)

4.09-6.90

 

6.58 (6.98)

5.16-8.00

 

Prior Children

               

 No (n = 59)

13.46 (9.33)

11.03-15.89

1.18

4.68 (4.91)

3.40-5.96

0.75

5.22 (5.45)

3.80-6.64

1.09

6.05 (7.48)

4.10-8.00

0.82

6.59 (7.29)

4.69-8.49

1.19

 Yes (n = 41)

15.66 (8.99)

12.82-18.50

 

5.51 (6.13)

3.58-7.45

 

6.49 (6.03)

4.58-8.39

 

4.90 (5.94)

3.03-6.78

 

8.49 (8.50)

5.80-11.17

 
  1. Note. N = 100. OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder. PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder. Comparisons are t-tests of the mean scores on the postpartum mental health scales. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.