Characteristic | Nulliparous women | Multiparous women | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Planned CS, n = 14,514 | Non-planned CS, n = 33,873 | Planned CS, n = 26,132 | Non-planned CS, n = 19,555 | |
aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
Maternal age (years) | ||||
< 20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
20-29 | 1.35 (1.23-1.49) | 1.56 (1.46-1.67) | 1.34 (0.97-1.85) | 1.08 (0.81-1.44) |
30-39 | 2.39 (2.17-2.64) | 2.54 (2.37-2.72) | 1.94 (1.40-2.69) | 1.37 (1.03-1.83) |
40 or more | 4.85 (4.23-5.55) | 4.14 (3.75-4.58) | 2.74 (1.97-3.81) | 1.83 (1.36-2.46) |
Birth weight (g) | ||||
<3000 | 1.56 (1.48-1.64) | 1.69 (1.64-1.75) | 1.49 (1.42-1.57) | 3.49 (3.33-3.65) |
3000-3499 | 1.20 (1.15-1.26) | 1 | 1.30 (1.26-1.35) | 1.09 (1.05-1.14) |
3500-3999 | 1 | 1.27 (1.23-1.31) | 1 | 1 |
4000 or more | 1.47 (1.39-1.56) | 2.24 (2.16-2.33) | 1.13 (1.06-1.21) | 1.46 (1.40-1.52) |
Male fetal sex | 0.94 (0.91-0.98) | 1.20 (1.67-1.22) | 1.04 (1.01-1.07) | 1.20 (1.17-1.24) |
Smoking status | ||||
Non-smoking | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Quit smoking during 1st trimester | 1.06 (0.98-1.13) | 1.07 (1.01-1.13) | 1.07 (0.97-1.18) | 1.18 (1.07-1.31) |
Smoking after 1st trimester | 0.94 (0.89-1.00) | 1.10 (1.06-1.15) | 1.01 (0.96-1.06) | 1.00 (0.95-1.06) |
Missing information | 1.36 (1.21-1.52) | 1.15 (1.06-1.25) | 1.41 (1.30-1.53) | 1.17 (1.07-1.28) |
Single (ref married/living with a partner) | 0.93 (0.87-0.99) | 0.99 (0.95-1.03) | 1.02 (0.95-1.10) | 1.12 (1.04-1.20) |
Socioeconomic status | ||||
Upper white collar workers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Lower white collar workers | 1.09 (1.02-1.16) | 1.05 (1.00-1.10) | 1.17 (1.11-1.24) | 1.07 (1.00-1.11) |
Blue collar workers | 1.03 (0.95-1.11) | 1.07 (1.01-1.13) | 1.16 (1.09-1.24) | 1.15 (1.07-1.23) |
Othersa | 0.95 (0.89-1.02) | 0.93 (0.88-0.97) | 0.98 (0.92-1.04) | 0.92 (0.87-0.98) |
Missing information | 0.96 (0.89-1.03) | 1.01 (0.96-1.06) | 1.13 (1.06-1.21) | 1.08 (1.01-1.15) |
Induction | NA | 1.64 (1.59-1.68) | NA | 0.97 (0.94-1.01) |
Preeclampsia | 6.41 (5.53-7.44) | 11.77 (10.62-13.04) | 1.04 (0.96-1.14) | 2.12 (1.95-2.30) |
Gestational diabetes | 0.55 (0.49-0.62) | 1.34 (1.26-1.43) | 1.07 (1.01-1.15) | 1.39 (1.30-1.48) |
Maternal diabetes mellitus | 3.95 (3.51-4.46) | 1.14 (1.06-1.23) | 1.66 (1.54-1.78) | 1.06 (0.98-1.15) |
Fear of childbirth | 7.99 (7.53-8.48) | 1.58 (1.48-1.70) | 5.05 (4.83-5.28) | 1.67 (1.58-1.78) |
Placental abruption | NA | 29.42 (24.22-35.74) | NA | 61.78 (52.87-72.20) |
Placenta previa | 25.35 (20.56-31.25) | 8.05 (6.46-10.04) | 39.65 (32.73-48.04) | 22.41 (18.46-27.20) |
In vitro fertilization (IVF) | 1.25 (1.13-1.38) | 1.25 (1.16-1.34) | 1.49 (1.30-1.72) | 1.86 (1.63-2.12) |
Prior terminations | 1.02 (0.97-1.08) | 1.09 (1.05-1.13) | 1.10 (1.05-1.15) | 1.10 (1.05-1.15) |
Prior miscarriages | 1.16 (1.10-1.22) | 1.12 (1.08-1.16) | 0.99 (0.96-1.03) | 1.00 (0.96-1.03) |
Prior caesarean section | NA | NA | 20.60 (19.97-21.24) | 8.32 (8.06-8.60) |
Time period | ||||
2000-2003 | 1.40 (1.34-1.47) | 0.94 (0.92-0.97) | 1.55 (1.49-1.61) | 1.02(0.98-1.06) |
2004-2007 | 1.21 (1.16-1.27) | 0.95 (0.92-0.98) | 1.22 (1.18-1.27) | 1.03 (0.99-1.07) |
2008-2010 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |