From: How effective are the components of active management of the third stage of labor?
Blood loss ≥ 700 mL | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
No oxytocin prophylaxis (N = 8154) | Oxytocin prophylaxis (N = 30569) | |||
OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Receipt of AMTSL components* | ||||
None | ref | - | - | - |
UM only | 1.14 (0.87-1.50) | 0.349 | - | - |
CCT only | 0.53 (0.42-0.66) | 0.000 | - | - |
CCT + UM | 1.66 (1.31-2.10) | 0.000 | - | - |
Oxytocin (IM) only | - | - | ref | - |
Oxytocin (IM) + CCT | - | - | 0.33 (0.25-0.45) | 0.000 |
Oxytocin (IM) + CCT + UM | - | - | 0.65 (0.48-0.88) | 0.006 |
Oxytocin (IV) only | - | - | 0.24 (0.12-0.50) | 0.000 |
Oxytocin (IV) + CCT | - | - | 0.28 (0.14-0.55) | 0.000 |
Oxytocin (IV) + CCT + UM | - | - | 0.79 (0.62-0.99) | 0.044 |
Labor induced/augmented | - | - | 0.91 (0.76-1.09) | 0.284 |
Parity | ||||
0 | 1.24 (1.04-1.48) | 0.016 | 2.36 (2.01-2.76) | 0.000 |
1-3 | ref | - | ref | - |
4+ | 0.61 (0.32-1.16) | 0.130 | 0.51 (0.29-0.88) | 0.017 |
Multiple pregnancy | 1.33 (0.68-2.62) | 0.401 | 1.62 (0.97-2.70) | 0.065 |
Gestational age at delivery weeks | ||||
<37 | 0.40 (0.22-0.73) | 0.002 | 0.32 (0.20-0.51) | 0.000 |
37-41 | ref | - | ref | - |
42+ | 0.82 (0.46-1.45) | 0.495 | 1.48 (0.93-2.36) | 0.102 |
Anemia** | 1.19 (1.00-1.42) | 0.049 | 1.28 (1.11-1.49) | 0.001 |
Prior known post-partum hemorrhage | 2.18 (0.74-6.48) | 0.159 | 5.17 (3.21-8.31) | 0.000 |
Age (years) | ||||
<20 | 1.24 (0.89-1.73) | 0.195 | 0.78 (0.61-0.99) | 0.041 |
20-34 | ref | - | ref | - |
35+ | 0.94 (0.66-1.32) | 0.715 | 1.46 (1.07-1.99) | 0.017 |
Educational attainment | ||||
No education | ref | - | ref | - |
Primary school | 0.87 (0.67-1.13) | 0.288 | 1.14 (0.91-1.43) | 0.250 |
Secondary or higher | 1.03 (0.81-1.32) | 0.786 | 1.20 (1.00-1.44) | 0.045 |