Table 1 Demographic and obstetric characteristics of study participants by receipt of AMTSL components (N = 39202)
From: How effective are the components of active management of the third stage of labor?
No oxytocin prophylaxis (N = 8221) | Oxytocin prophylaxis (N = 30981) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No AMTSL components (n = 1832) | UM only (n = 959) | CCT only (n = 4014) | CCT + UM (n = 1416) | Oxytocin only (n = 3638) | Oxytocin + CCT (n = 6898) | Oxytocin + CCT + UM (n = 20445) | |
Country of residence | |||||||
Burkina Faso | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (0.1) | 3684 (18.0) |
Egypt | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.2) | 3979 (99.1) | 1385 (97.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 16305 (79.8) |
Turkey | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2385 (65.6) | 544 (7.9) | 11 (0.1) |
Vietnam | 1830 (99.9) | 957 (99.8) | 35 (0.9) | 31 (2.2) | 1253 (34.4) | 6345 (92.0) | 445 (2.2) |
Mean age in years ± SD | 26.2 ± 4.9 | 26.2 ± 4.8 | 26.1 ± 5.1 | 26.9 ± 4.8 | 25.6 ± 5.2 | 25.6 ± 5.0 | 25.3 ± 5.2 |
Educational attainment | |||||||
No education | 60 (3.3) | 12 (1.3) | 1122 (28.0) | 357 (25.2) | 102 (2.8) | 161 (2.3) | 8190 (40.1) |
Primary | 660 (36.1) | 348 (36.4) | 1178 (29.4) | 439 (31.0) | 1877 (51.7) | 3384 (49.2) | 2763 (13.5) |
Secondary or higher | 1111 (60.7) | 597 (62.4) | 1711 (42.7) | 620 (43.8) | 1655 (45.5) | 3338 (48.5) | 9477 (46.4) |
Currently married | 1812 (99.0) | 952 (99.3) | 4009 (99.9) | 1415 (100.0) | 3626 (99.7) | 6830 (99.3) | 20258 (99.1) |
Parity | |||||||
0 | 930 (50.9) | 489 (51.0) | 1706 (42.5) | 543 (38.4) | 1759 (48.4) | 3712 (53.8) | 9175 (44.9) |
1-3 | 895 (49.0) | 468 (48.9) | 2133 (53.1) | 795 (56.2) | 1860 (51.2) | 3163 (45.9) | 10084 (49.4) |
4+ | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 175 (4.4) | 77 (5.4) | 17 (0.5) | 21 (0.3) | 1159 (5.7) |
Multiple pregnancy | 26 (1.4) | 9 (0.9) | 31 (0.8) | 26 (1.8) | 39 (1.1) | 61 (0.9) | 351 (1.7) |
Mean gestational age at delivery in weeks ± SD | 38.7 ± 1.6 | 39.0 ± 1.2 | 39.5 ± 1.4 | 39.5 ± 1.3 | 39.0 ± 1.6 | 39.4 ± 1.3 | 39.1 ± 1.8 |
Prior known post-partum hemorrhage | 15 (0.8) | 4 (0.4) | 4 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 56 (1.5) | 39 (0.6) | 165 (0.8) |
Mean pre-delivery hemoglobin in g/dL ± SD | 11.9 ± 1.4 | 12.0 ± 1.1 | 11.1 ± 1.2 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 12.1 ± 1.5 | 12.3 ± 1.3 | 11.0 ± 1.1 |
Early cord clamping performed | 15 (0.8) | 101 (10.5) | 3981 (99.2) | 1396 (98.6) | 2594 (71.3) | 6841 (99.2) | 20428 (99.9) |
Epidural given | 37 (2.0) | 69 (7.2) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 24 (0.7) | 42 (0.6) | 21 (0.1) |
Labor induced or augmented | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1968 (54.3) | 681 (9.9) | 11898 (58.3) |