From: Experiencing maternity care: the care received and perceptions of women from different ethnic groups
White | Mixed | Indian | Pakistani | Bangladeshi | Black Caribbean | Black African | Other ethnicity | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Birth in a birth centre/at home vs hospital | ||||||||
n (%) | 1348 (6.7) | 11 (3.7) | 26 (4.8) | 23 (4.2) | 10 (6.8) | 7 (4.8) | 15 (2.7) | 53 (4.7) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.65 (0.34-1.26) | 0.71 (0.47-1.09) | 0.64 (0.41-0.99) | 1.03 (0.52-2.04) | 0.78 (0.36-1.71) | 0.41 (0.25-0.70) | 0.68 (0.51-0.92) |
Pethidine or similar for pain relief | ||||||||
n (%) | 5530 (30.7) | 77 (28.7) | 125 (25.4) | 119 (23.2) | 34 (23.6) | 41 (28.7) | 129 (24.6) | 279 (26.5) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.85 (0.64-1.13) | 0.75 (0.60-0.93) | 0.67 (0.53-0.83) | 0.64 (0.42-0.95) | 0.77 (0.52-1.15) | 0.77 (0.62-0.96) | 0.81 (0.69-0.94) |
Epidural or similar for pain relief | ||||||||
n (%) | 5294 (29.4) | 77 (28.7) | 147 (29.8) | 101 (19.6) | 28 (19.4) | 35 (24.5) | 158 (30.1) | 342 (32.5) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.94 (0.70-1.28) | 1.01 (0.82-1.24) | 0.70 (0.56-0.89) | 0.65 (0.42-1.01) | 0.78 (0.52-1.17) | 1.23 (0.99-1.52) | 1.17 (1.01-1.35) |
Vaginal delivery | ||||||||
n (%) | 15520 (75.7) | 228 (72.6) | 418 (73.3) | 441 (77.1) | 125 (79.1) | 121 (75.2) | 404 (64.6) | 856 (73.0) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.86 (0.66-1.12) | 0.93 (0.77-1.13) | 0.98 (0.79-1.20) | 1.08 (0.72-1.63) | 0.95 (0.64-1.40) | 0.58 (0.48-0.69) | 0.94 (0.82-1.09) |
Sitting/standing/on side vs lying at birth | ||||||||
n (%) | 4949 (32.9) | 64 (28.7) | 114 (27.4) | 130 (29.5) | 34 (27.4) | 24 (20.5) | 85 (21.3) | 244 (29.2) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.88 (0.65-1.18) | 0.72 (0.58-0.90) | 0.68 (0.55-0.85) | 0.67 (0.45-0.99) | 0.60 (0.40-0.91) | 0.53 (0.42-0.67) | 0.81 (0.70-0.95) |
Birth in water | ||||||||
n (%) | 809 (5.2) | 10 (4.3) | 8 (1.9) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (1.6) | 9 (7.4) | 9 (2.2) | 27 (3.1) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 1.13 (0.56-2.29) | 0.41 (0.20-0.84) | 0.05 (0.01-0.36) | 0.16 (0.04-0.66) | 1.74 (0.86-3.50) | 0.40 (0.20-0.79) | 0.53 (0.35-0.81) |
Birth in water/floor vs in bed | ||||||||
n (%) | 1550 (10.2) | 16 (7.0) | 18 (4.3) | 15 (3.4) | 5 (4.0) | 15 (12.5) | 15 (3.6) | 55 (6.4) |
aOR (95% CI)* | 1 | 0.90 (0.51-1.57) | 0.43 (0.27-0.70) | 0.29 (0.17-0.50) | 0.34 (0.13-0.91) | 1.47 (0.84-2.59) | 0.35 (0.20-0.59) | 0.60 (0.45-0.81) |