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Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for small-for-gestational-age and adjusted means of birth weight according to active maternal smoking status during pregnancy by baby’s gender in 1565 mother-child pairs

From: Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and birth outcomes: the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study

 

Male (n = 762)

 

Female (n = 803)

 

Maternal smoking

Rate (%)

OR (95% CI)a

Adjusted mean of birth weight, g (95% CI)a

Rate (%)

OR (95% CI)a

Adjusted mean of birth weight, g (95% CI)a

None

7.1 (n = 703)

1.00

3058.8 (3034.3 − 3083.3)

8.0 (n = 724)

1.00

2964.3 (2941.4 − 2987.3)

First trimester only

7.1 (n = 28)

1.02 (0.16 − 3.81)

3054.9 (2930.2 − 3179.5)

2.3 (n = 43)

0.24 (0.01 − 1.22)

3004.2 (2906.8 − 3101.5)

Second and/or third trimesters but not throughout

12.5 (n = 8)

1.67 (0.08 − 11.08)

2981.7 (2748.3 − 3215.0)

15.0 (n = 20)

2.14 (0.48 − 6.92)

2919.5 (2780.2 − 3058.9)

Throughout

21.7 (n = 23)

4.21 (1.26 − 12.14)

2909.6 (2771.0 − 3048.2)

12.5 (n = 16)

1.51 (0.23 − 5.96)

2781.9 (2625.9 − 2937.9)

P for trend

 

0.03

0.04

 

0.61

0.09

  1. a Adjustment for maternal age; region of residence; number of children; family structure; maternal education; maternal employment; alcohol consumption during the preceding month; body mass index; and gestational age.