| | |
Control
|
Intervention
|
Difference(95%CI)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
n: baseline, 28 weeks’
| |
n = 89, 69
|
n = 94, 71
| | |
|
Total Energy (MJ/d)
|
Baseline
|
7.53 (2.21)
|
7.26 (2.29)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
7.71 (2.30)
|
6.75 (2.57)
|
−0.94 (−1.72 to −0.18)
|
0.016
|
|
Dietary GI (%)
|
Baseline
|
58 (6)
|
58 (5)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
60 (26)
|
53 (13)
|
−7 (−15 to 0)
|
0.054
|
|
Dietary GL (g/d)
|
Baseline
|
133 (48)
|
129 (41)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
146 (55)
|
111 (39)
|
−33 (−47 to −20)
|
<0.001
|
|
GL (%E)
|
Baseline
|
27.7 (5.3)
|
28.5 (5.9)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
31.3 (13.3)
|
26.6 (8.0)
|
−4.8 (−8.5 to −1.0)
|
0.013
|
|
Carbohydrate (%E)
|
Baseline
|
48.0 (8.4)
|
48.9 (9.6)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
48.2 (8.0)
|
50.0 (8.2)
|
1.7 (−1.0 to 4.4)
|
0.207
|
|
Protein (%E)
|
Baseline
|
15.5 (3.6)
|
16.0 (4.2)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
15.5 (3.2)
|
17.1 (4.9)
|
1.5 ( 0.1 to 2.8)
|
0.034
|
|
Protein (g)
|
Baseline
|
69.3(25.3)
|
68.5 (26.1)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
70.6 (24.0)
|
66.5 (23.5)
|
−4.8 (−12.3 to 2.6)
|
0.204
|
|
Total fat (%E)
|
Baseline
|
36.0 (8.2)
|
34.9 (9.3)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
35.9 (7.7)
|
32.5 (7.4)
|
−3.2 (−5.6 to −0.8)
|
0.010
|
|
SFA (%E)
|
Baseline
|
12.7 (3.9)
|
12.0 (4.3)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
12.9 (3.9)
|
11.1 (3.8)
|
−1.6 (−2.8 to −0.3)
|
0.015
|
|
MUFA (%E)
|
Baseline
|
12.1 (4.1)
|
11.4 (4.0)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
11.6 (4.0)
|
10.4 (3.2)
|
−1.0 (−2.2 to 0.2)
|
0.088
|
|
PUFA (%E)
|
Baseline
|
6.4 (3.0)
|
6.0 (3.1)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
5.9 (2.8)
|
6.0 (2.7)
|
0.13 (−0.8 to 1.1)
|
0.774
|
|
P:S ratio
|
Baseline
|
0.56 (0.31)
|
0.56 (0.40)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
0.51 (0.35)
|
0.64 (0.52)
|
0.13 (−0.01 to 0.28)
|
0.075
|
|
NSP (g)
|
Baseline
|
11.2 (4.6)
|
10.4 (4.6)
| | |
| |
28 weeks
|
10.5 (4.2)
|
12.0 (6.0)
|
1.77 ( 0.08 to 3.47)
|
0.040
|
- Abbreviations: GI glycaemic index, GL glycaemic load, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acid, NSP non-starch polysaccharide, P:S ratio polyunsaturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid ratio; PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid, SFA saturated fatty acids,%E: percentage energy.
- For each dietary variable, results are presented in two lines: at trial entry (Baseline; 16+0-18+6 weeks’ gestation) and after randomised treatment, with comparisons and p-values only for the randomised comparison. Comparisons are adjusted for baseline levels throughout.
