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Table 1 Differences on quality of life by demographic variables at T1 and T4

From: Prediction of maternal quality of life on preterm birth and low birthweight: a longitudinal study

  

Physical health

Mental health

Social health

General health

 

n

M±SD

Z/X 2

p

M±SD

Z/X 2

p

M±SD

Z/X 2

p

M±SD

Z/X 2

p

T1

             

 Parity

  

-.77

.44

−1.80

.07

−1.62

.10

−2.06

.04

  Primipara

111

60.90±15.29

 

71.26±16.24

 

67.30±16.29

 

66.49±11.70

 

  Multipara

87

57.82±20.37

 

66.09±19.96

 

62.53±17.73

 

62.15±14.77

 

 Employment

  

-.51

.61

−4.05

<.001

−3.06

.002

−3.39

.001

  Employed

126

60.16±17.43

 

72.78±18.09

 

67.94±16.94

 

66.96±13.11

 

  Unemployed

72

58.47±18.28

 

62.36±16.23

 

60.42±16.31

 

60.42±12.61

 

 Education

  

-.24

.81

−2.10

.04

−1.52

.13

−1.15

.25

  Lower than college

63

59.84±20.12

 

64.76±19.25

 

62.22±16.50

 

62.28±14.87

 

  College or higher

135

59.41±16.56

 

70.96±17.27

 

66.59±17.20

 

65.65±12.38

 

 Happy or unhappy about the pregnancy

 

1.07

.59

8.70

.01

3.59

.17

6.94

.03

  Happy

160

60.06±17.43

 

70.25±17.55

 

66.06±17.20

 

65.46±12.77

 

  Unhappy

13

54.62±15.06

 

56.92±10.32

 

57.69±14.23

 

56.41±8.97

 

  Uncertain

25

58.80±20.88

 

67.20±22.46

 

63.60±17.05

 

63.20±16.82

 

T4

             

 Parity

  

-.71

.48

-.24

.81

−1.09

.28

-.09

.93

  Primipara

111

59.55±19.42

 

69.19±20.85

 

61.62±15.46

 

66.79±15.54

 

  Multipara

87

70.57±20.65

 

70.11±21.16

 

58.51±17.56

 

66.40±16.27

 

 Employment

 

−1.51

.13

−3.21

.001

−2.71

.01

−3.02

.003

  Employed

116

71.81±19.32

 

73.45±20.26

 

63.19±14.12

 

69.48±14.94

 

  Unemployed

82

67.44±20.60

 

64.15±20.78

 

56.10±18.58

 

62.56±16.24

 

 Being taken care of

  

-.17

.87

-.68

.50

-.18

.86

-.21

.83

  Yes

192

70.10±19.66

 

69.43±20.70

 

60.31±16.37

 

66.61±15.63

 

  No

6

66.67±29.44

 

75.00±29.50

 

58.33±20.41

 

66.67±23.29

 

 Baby sitter

 

−1.66

.10

−1.59

.11

−1.77

.08

−1.84

.07

  Yes

155

71.23±19.72

 

70.90±20.24

 

61.35±16.00

 

67.83±15.22

 

  No

43

65.58±20.27

 

64.88±22.93

 

56.28±17.60

 

62.25±17.35

 

 Baby’s gender

  

-.67

.51

−1.73

.08

-.34

.73

−1.32

.19

  Male

106

70.94±20.07

 

71.98±20.54

 

60.75±15.16

 

67.89±15.65

 

  Female

91

69.23±19.68

 

67.14±21.10

 

59.67±17.98

 

65.35±15.95

 

 Baby’s sleep patterns

 

3.70

.16

1.49

.48

2.81

.25

3.39

.18

  Serious problem

15

60.00±25.07

 

64.67±24.75

 

56.67±13.45

 

60.44±18.38

 

  Manageable

73

69.04±18.12

 

67.81±21.42

 

57.67±15.14

 

64.84±14.98

 

  Small problem

89

71.46±19.57

 

71.24±19.70

 

61.24±16.91

 

67.98±15.56

 

  Not a problem

21

74.29±22.26

 

72.38±21.89

 

67.62±18.95

 

71.43±16.88

 

 Maternity leave

  

.20

.91

2.24

.33

4.00

.14

1.55

.46

  Paid leave

96

73.33±18.33

 

74.58±19.41

 

64.79±13.69

 

70.90±13.83

 

  No-pay leave

26

69.62±22.36

 

69.23±22.96

 

56.92±18.28

 

65.26±19.05

 

 No leave/not employed

76

65.92±20.47

 

63.42±20.69

 

55.66±17.61

 

61.67±15.68

 

 Birth method

 

−1.63

.10

-.19

.85

-.30

.77

-.68

.50

  Vaginal delivery

143

60.98±17.21

 

69.51±17.78

 

65.38±17.11

 

65.29±12.61

 

  Cesarean section

54

56.48±18.14

 

68.15±18.84

 

64.44±17.12

 

63.02±14.81

 
  1. T1 = 25–29 gestational weeks; T4 = 4–6 weeks postpartum.
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