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Table 3 The duration/degree of pregnancy-related symptoms by level of sexual violence, percentages and adjusted † OR, N = 78 660

From: Sexual violence and pregnancy-related physical symptoms

 

No. of 4-week period(s) *

No sexual violencen = 64 192

Mild sexual violencen = 9 444

Moderate sexual violencen = 2 219

Severe sexual violencen = 2 805

  

%

%

AOR (95% CI)

%

AOR (95% CI)

%

AOR (95% CI)

1. Backache

≥5

9.2

13.6

1.29 (1.21–1.38)

15.4

1.32 (1.17–1.49)

18.9

1.48 (1.33–1.65)

2. Tiredness

≥5

13.2

18.1

1.27 (1.20–1.35)

18.8

1.23 (1.10–1.38)

21.8

1.45 (1.31–1.61)

3. Constipation

≥5

9.8

13.5

1.31 (1.22–1.40)

14.7

1.36 (1.20–1.54)

13.0

1.20 (1.06–1.36)

4. Pelvic girdle relaxation

≥4

12.3

16.6

1.23 (1.16–1.31)

18.3

1.25 (1.11–1.40)

21.2

1.40 (1.26–1.55)

5. Heartburn

≥4

11.7

15.2

1.21 (1.14–1.29)

18.1

1.39 (1.24–1.56)

20.1

1.54 (1.39–1.71)

6. Nausea and vomiting

≥3

10.8

12.3

1.26 (1.19–1.34)

14.6

1.27 (1.14–1.43)

17.7

1.66 (1.50–1.83)

7. Edema

≥2

11.6

15.8

1.21 (1.14–1.29)

18.6

1.33 (1.18–1.49)

20.9

1.47 (1.32–1.62)

8. Candidiasis

≥2

12.1

15.1

1.22 (1.14–1.30)

14.9

1.15 (1.02–1.30)

14.1

1.07 (0.95–1.20)

9. Pruritus gravidarum

≥1

13.6

19.0

1.30 (1.23–1.38)

21.1

1.34 (1.20–1.49)

24.1

1.50 (1.36–1.66)

10. Leukorrhea

≥1

7.2

10.7

1.37 (1.27–1.48)

11.6

1.39 (1.21–1.60)

11.1

1.26 (1.11–1.44)

11. Headache

≥2

15.0

20.9

1.27 (1.20–1.34)

23.4

1.33 (1.20–1.48)

26.7

1.48 (1.35–1.62)

12. Urinary Tract Infection

≥1

9.3

11.2

1.09 (1.01–1.17)

13.0

1.18 (1.03–1.35)

13.2

1.11 (0.98–1.25)

13. Urine incontinence

≥1

11.7

17.1

1.33 (1.25–1.41)

17.4

1.22 (1.09–1.37)

19.1

1.35 (1.21–1.50)

14. Leg cramps

≥3

11.1

13.0

1.14 (1.05–1.20)

13.7

1.14 (1.00–1.29)

13.1

1.05 (0.93–1.06)

15. Braxton Hicks contractions

bothered a lot **

12.5

17.0

1.26 (1.19–1.34)

18.3

1.27 (1.14–1.43)

23.0

1.66 (1.50–1.83)

  1. † Adjusted for age, child physical violence, adult physical violence, child emotional abuse and adult emotional abuse. Comparison group is the group of women not reporting sexual violence.* Number of 4-week periods women indicated having suffered from this symptom, maximum possible number of 4-week periods for symptom 1–10 was 8, for symptom 11– 3 it was 6 and for symptom14 it was 5. ** Question without 4-week periods option.