Table 1 Literature review of therapy (excluding amniodrainage alone), presence/absence of hydrops, and other complications in giant chorioangioma cases

This report

1

78

Yes

Polyhidramnios, hydrothorax, mild cardiomegaly, fetal anemia, mirror syndrome

Intrauterine transfusion + amniodrainage (29 weeks)

29+6

Neonatal death

Zanardini (2010)

2

42

No

Polyhydramnios and cardiomegaly

Fetoscopic laser (24+3 weeks)

36+3

Live birth

Zanardini (2010)

3

45

No

Moderate cardiomegaly

Interstitial laser (25+4 and 26+4 weeks)

32+3

Live birth

Zanardini (2010)

4

35

No

Mild cardiomegaly and fetal anemia

Interstitial laser (32+3 weeks)

39+1

Live birth

Zanardini (2010)

5

54

No

Mild cardiomegaly and fetal anemia

Amniodrainage (28+6 weeks)

37+3

Live birth

Intrauterine blood transfusion (29 weeks)

Interstitial laser (29 and 30+4 weeks)

Sisvali (2009)

1

70

Yes

Fetal anemia

Intrauterine blood transfusion at 26

27

Live birth

Mendez-Figueroa (2009)

1

43

Yes

Fetal anemia

Amniodrainage

26

Fetal demise

Intrauterine blood transfusion

Fetoscopy: bipolar and laser coagulation

Bermúdez (2007)

1

61

Yes

Fetal anemia

Intrauterine blood transfusion.

27

Fetal demise

Fetoscopic laser coagulation Amniodrainage

Deren (2007)

1

83

Yes

Fetal anemia

Intrauterine blood transfusion.

28

Live birth

Alcohol injection into the tumor (25 and 26 weeks)

Quarello (2005)

1

44

Yes

No

Fetoscopic laser coagulation Amniodrainage

39

Live birth

Escribano D (2005)

1

81

No

Fetal anemia

Intrauterine blood transfusion (25 weeks, 60 ml)

39

Live birth

Lau (2005)

1

90

Yes

Polyhydramnios

Ultrasound guided transcutaneous embolisation with enbucrilate (24+2 weeks)

26

Neonatal death

Lau (2003)

1

74

No

Fetal anemia

Intrauterine blood transfusion (24^th weeks, 50 ml)

29 +6

Neonatal death

Ultrasound-guided transcutaneous embolisation with microcoil (24+2th weeks, 8 pieces)

Intrauterine blood transfusion (25^th weeks, 60 ml)

Ultrasound-guided transcutaneous embolisation with microcoil (25th weeks, 9 pieces)

Intrauterine blood transfusion (27^th 28^th 29th weeks

Sepúlveda (2003)

1

75

Yes

Severe polyhydramnios and cardiac faillure

Alcohol ablation (26 weeks)

26

Fetal demise (26 weeks)

Nicolini (1999)

1

60

No

Polyhydramnios

Amniodrainage

N/A

Live birth

Alcohol ablation (27 weeks)

Nicolini (1999)

2

50

No

Polyhidramnios

Alcohol ablation (24 and 25 weeks)

N/A

Live birth

Haak (1999)

1

68

No

Fetal anemia Polyhidramnios

Intrauterine blood transfusion (30 weeks, 100 ml)

32

Live birth

Quintero (1996)

1

85

Yes

Fetal anemia

Fetoscopy and devascularisation by suture ligation and bipolar cautery (24^th weeks)

24+3

Fetal demise