Timing of antenatal care for adolescent and adult pregnant women in south-eastern Tanzania

Gross, Karin; Alba, Sandra; Glass, Tracy R; Schellenberg, Joanna Armstrong; Obrist, Brigit

doi:10.1186/1471-2393-12-16

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Table 3 Estimated effect of socio-demographic, social and perception- and service related factors on timing of pregnant women's first ANC visit in months

From: Timing of antenatal care for adolescent and adult pregnant women in south-eastern Tanzania

	Univariate			Multivariate (N = 289)
	Coeff^b	(95% CI)	p-value	Coeff^b	(95% CI)	p-value
Maternal factors
Parity (N = 405)
Primi	-0.47	(-0.76, -0.18)	0.002	-0.87	(-1.32 -0.42)	< 0.001
Multi^a
Adolescent/adult (N = 405)
Adolescent	-0.14	(-0.48, 0.19)	0.406	0.18	(-0.30, 0.65)	0.462
Adult^a
Marital status (N = 404)
Married/Consensual union^a
Single	0.01	(-0.36, 0.39)	0.947	0.15	(-0.33, 0.63)	0.532
History of abort/stillbirth (N = 402)
No abort ^a
One or more abort	-0.23	(-0.51, 0.05)	0.107	-0.46	(-0.79, -0.13)	0.007
Education level (N = 405)
No or incomplete formal education	0.03	(-0.21, 0.27)	0.811	0.00	(-0.29, 0.29)	0.987
Primary + ^a
Ethnicity (N = 405)
Sukuma	0.54	(0.23, 0.86)	0.001	0.82	(0.44, 1.19)	< 0.001
Other ethnic group^a
ANC expectations, knowledge and perceived quality
Perceived ANC timing (N = 383)
Within first 3 months ^a
After first 3 months	0.09	(-0.17, 0.36)	0.498	-0.05	(-0.35, 0.24)	0.727
Knowledge of services (N = 405)
Low^a
High	0.30	(0.01, 0.59)	0.042	0.09	(-0.23, 0.41)	0.572
Perceived service quality (N = 319)
Good^a
Bad	0.79	(0.30, 1.27)	0.002	0.78	(0.20, 1.36)	0.009
Perceived health worker attitudes(N = 310)
Good^a
Bad	0.08	(-0.50, 0.67)	0.778	-0.57	(-1.21, 0.07)	0.082
Traditional medicine use (N = 402)
Yes	-0.31	(-0.73, 0.11)	0.142	-0.07	(-0.55, 0.41)	0.759
No^a
Pregnancy perception
Early recognition of pregnancy (N = 404)
Yes^a
No	0.42	(0.16, 0.68)	0.002	0.47	(0.17, 0.77)	0.002
Waiting for quickening (N = 403)
Yes	0.21	(-0.06, 0.48)	0.130	0.15	(-0.15, 0.45)	0.323
No^a
Social and economic support
Money (N = 404)
Yes^a
No	0.27	(0.02, 0.52)	0.036	0.28	(-0.02, 0.58)	0.064
Advised to attend ANC (N = 404)
Yes	-0.11	(-0.35, 0.14)	0.386	-0.11	(-0.40, 0.18)	0.449
No^a
Accompanied to clinic (N = 405)
Yes	-0.05	(-0.29, 0.20)	0.704	0.08	(-0.21, 0.37)	0.602
No^a
Supported by husband (N = 405)
Yes^a
No	0.60	(0.10, 1.10)	0.019	0.69	(0.05, 1.33)	0.035

^a Reference category, ^b Estimated effect derived from linear regression on the timing of the first ANC visit expressed as gestational age in months (f.e. primiparous women started ANC on average 0.47 month earlier than multiparous women). The coefficients in the multivariate model are adjusted for all listed variables

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ISSN: 1471-2393

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