From: Mode of birth and women’s psychological and physical wellbeing in the postnatal period
Unassisted Vaginala | Ventouse-assisteda | Forceps-assisteda | Unplanned Caesareana | Planned Caesareana | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 3275 | n = 302 | n = 359 | n = 675 | n = 630 | ||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
The blues | ||||||
No | 2850 (87) | 266 (88) | 295 (82) | 574 (85) | 544 (86) | 0.08 |
Yes | 425 (13) | 36 (12) | 64 (18) | 101 (15) | 86 (14) | |
Depression | ||||||
No | 3055 (93) | 289 (96) | 320 (89) | 627 (93) | 589 (94) | 0.02 |
Yes | 220 (7) | 13 (4) | 39 (11) | 48 (7) | 41 (7) | |
Anxiety | ||||||
No | 2961 (90) | 272 (90) | 298 (83) | 596 (88) | 568 (90) | <0.001 |
Yes | 314 (10) | 30 (10) | 61 (17) | 79 (12) | 62 (10) | |
PTSD symptoms | ||||||
No | 2646 (81) | 229 (76) | 243 (68) | 515 (76) | 529 (84) | <0.001 |
1 | 494 (15) | 56 (19) | 85 (24) | 110 (16) | 76 (12) | |
≥2 | 135 (4) | 17 (6) | 31 (9) | 50 (7) | 25 (4) | |
Bodily changes | ||||||
No | 2156 (66) | 164 (54) | 202 (56) | 444 (66) | 453 (72) | <0.001 |
Yes | 1119 (34) | 138 (46) | 157 (43) | 231 (34) | 177 (28) | |
Birth -related symptoms | ||||||
No | 3017 (92) | 242 (80) | 250 (70) | 546 (81) | 534 (84) | <0.001 |
Yes | 258 (8) | 60 (20) | 109 (30) | 129 (19) | 96 (15) | |
Breastfeeding difficulties | ||||||
No | 2828 (86) | 246 (82) | 286 (80) | 551 (82) | 555 (88) | <0.001 |
Yes | 447 (14) | 56 (19) | 73 (20) | 124 (18) | 75 (12) | |
Severe tiredness/ Fatigue | ||||||
No | 2487 (76) | 222 (74) | 246 (69) | 488 (72) | 469 (74) | 0.02 |
Yes | 788 (24) | 80 (27) | 113 (32) | 187 (28) | 161 (26) |