Table 1 Medline MeSH and key word search strategy (Same strategies used for Embase, Cinahl, Psychinfo)

1. pregnan*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

2. exp Pregnancy/or exp Pregnancy Outcome/

3. antenatal.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

4. exp Prenatal Care/or exp Prenatal Diagnosis/

5. prenatal.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

6. exp Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/or exp Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/

7. 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6

8. neonatal.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

9. newborn*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

10. exp Infant, Newborn/ab, an, cl, co, di, et, gd, me, mi, mo, pa, pd, ph [Abnormalities, Analysis, Classification, Complications, Diagnosis, Etiology, Growth & Development, Metabolism, Microbiology, Mortality, Pathology, Pharmacology, Physiology]

11. infan*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

12. exp Infant/

13. fetus.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

14. exp Fetus/

15. exp Fetal Development/

16. foetus.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

17. exp Fetus/

18. foetal*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

19. 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18

20. 7 or 19

21. diabet*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

22. exp Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/or exp Diabetes Complications/or exp Diabetes Mellitus/

23. 21 or 22

24. hyperglyc?mi*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

25. exp Hyperglycemia/

26. glucose intoleran*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

27. exp Glucose Intolerance/or exp Glucose Tolerance Test/

28. obes*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

29. exp Obesity/

30. 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29

31. 23 or 30

32. gestational diabet*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

33. exp Diabetes, Gestational/

34. 32 or 33

35. aborigin*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

36. exp Indians, North American/or exp Oceanic Ancestry Group/

37. indigen*.mp. [mp = title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word, unique identifier]

38. exp Health Services, Indigenous/

39. 35 or 36 or 37 or 38

40. 20 and 31

41. 34 or 40

42. 39 and 41

43. 31 and 39

44. 20 and 39

45. native*.mp. or exp American Native Continental Ancestry Group/

46. (45 and 41) not 39