Table 5 Associations between socio-demographic, obstetric and organisational characteristics and outcome (midwife catching the baby)
| Â | Nulliparae | Multiparae | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | 1998-2002 | 2003-2007 | 1998-2002 | 2003-2007 |
Characteristics | OR* multivariable | OR* multivariable | ||
| Â | (95% CI # ) | (95% CI # ) | ||
referral | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - before the onset of labour (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - during labour | 1.23 (1.18-1.28) | 1.02 (0.99-1.05) | 1.54 (1.48-1.60) | 1.12 (1.08-1.16) |
process of birth | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - spontaneous, no induction, no augmentation (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - induction | 0.74 (0.70-0.77) | 0.78 (0.75-0.81) | 0.78 (0.75-0.81) | 0.83 (0.80-0.86) |
   - augmentation | 0.81 (0.77-0.84) | 0.80 (0.77-0.82) | 0.79 (0.76-0.83) | 0.79 (0.76-0.82) |
   - vacuum/forceps/CS | 0.01 (0.01-0.02) | 0.03 (0.03-0.03) | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) |
time of birth | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - weekday 8.00-20.00 (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - evening, night of weekend | 0.83 (0.80-0.86) | 0.71 (0.70-0.73) | 0.82 (0.80-0.85) | 0.75 (0.73-0.77) |
Maternal age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - < 25 | 1.03 (0.98-1.07) | 1.05 (1.02-1.08) | 0.97 (0.91-1.03) | 1.02 (0.97-1.08) |
   - 25-< 35 (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - ≥ 35 | 0.96 (0.91-1.03) | 0.93 (0.89-0.97) | 0.99 (0.95-1.02) | 0.95 (0.92-0.98) |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - western (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - non-Western | 1.16 (1.10-1.22) | 1.07 (1.03-1.11) | 1.23 (1.19-1.28) | 1.04 (1.01-1.08) |
Gestational age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - < 32 weeks | 0.24 (0.21-0.28) | 0.20 (0.18-0.22) | 0.24 (0.21-0.28) | 0.24 (0.21-0.27) |
   - 32-< 37 weeks | 0.59 (0.55-0.62) | 0.63 (0.61-0.66) | 0.57 (0.54-0.61) | 0.61 (0.58-0.64) |
   - 37-< 42 weeks (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - ≥ 42 weeks | 1.12 (1.04-1.19) | 1.19 (1.13-1.25) | 1.12 (1.06-1.19) | 1.21 (1.15-1.27) |
Type of hospital | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   - academic | 8.62 (8.01-9.28) | 2,12 (2,02-2,21) | 8,80 (8.46-9.52) | 3.29 (3.16-3.43) |
   - teaching (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   - non-teaching | 8.21 (8.02-9.28) | 3.50 (3.41-3.60) | 7.55 (7.18-7.94) | 4.09 (3.97-4.21) |