Skip to main content

Table 3 Specific culture results and incidence of post-cerclage cultures

From: Urogenital cultures and preterm birth in women with cervical cerclage: a single center retrospective cohort study

 

History indicated

(TVC I, n = 94)

Ultrasound indicated (TVC II, n = 79)

Clinically indicated

(TVC III, n = 20)

Abdominal cerclage

(n = 10)

p-value

Positive urine culture

11 (13)

12 (15)

2 (10)

1 (10)

0.762

 - Recurrent

2 (2)

3 (4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.685

 - Persistent

1 (1)

3 (4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.477

Urine micro-organisms

 - Streptococcus agalactiae

5 (45)

4 (33)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.475

 - Staphylococcus aureus

2 (18)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.406

 - Proteus mirabilis

2 (18)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.406

 - Escherichia coli

2 (18)

4 (33)

2 (100)

0 (0)

0.097

 - Enterococcus faecalis

0 (0)

2 (17)

0 (0)

1 (100)

0.181

 - Citrobacter koseri

0 (0)

1 (8)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.763

 -Staphylococcus haemolyticus

0 (0)

2 (17)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.480

 - Klebsiella pneumoniae

1 (9)

2 (17)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.846

 - Streptococcus anginosus

0 (0)

1 (8)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.763

Positive vaginal culturea

37 (45)

31 (46)

8 (40)

4 (40)

0.965

 -  New onset

20 (21)

15 (19)

5 (25)

3 (30)

0.856

 -  Recurrent

8 (10)

8 (12)

2 (13)

0 (0)

0.696

 -  Persistent

9 (11)

8 (12)

1 (6)

1 (10)

0.937

Vaginal micro-organisms

 - Streptococcus agalactiae

11 (30)

7 (23)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.210

 - Proteus mirabilis

3 (8)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.674

 - Klebsiella pneumoniae

4 (11)

4 (13)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.661

 - Klebsiella oxytoca

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.769

 - Gardnerella vaginalis

9 (24)

8 (26)

3 (38)

1 (25)

0.902

 - Escherichia coli

8 (22)

5 (16)

3 (38)

1 (25)

0.631

 - Enterococcus faecalis

3 (8)

2 (7)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.806

 - Citrobacter koseri

0 (0)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.672

 - Candida lusitania

0 (0)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.672

 - Candida glabrata

0 (0)

3 (10)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.182

 - Candida albicans

15 (41)

10 (32)

4 (50)

1 (25)

0.738

 - Staphylococcus aureus

3 (8)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.674

 - Serratia marcescens

0 (0)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.672

 - Enterobacter cloacae

0 (0)

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.672

 - Ureaplasma

1 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.769

Positive other cultures

1 (1)

1 (1)

2 (11)

0 (0)

0.068

Antibiotic treatment

32 (40)

28 (38)

12 (60)

4 (40)

0.344

 -  Multiple treatments

8 (9)

3 (4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.301

  1. *p < 0.05. Categoric parameters are expressed as n and (%) of total within group. Continuous parameters are expressed as mean ± SD. aRecurrent: repeated culture of same organism after successful treatment. Persistent: repeated culture of same organism despite treatment. Multiple treatments were given when the specific bacteria did not respond to the primary given antibiotic