Skip to main content

Table 4 Frequency of acetaminophen use during pregnancy and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in comparison with unexposed

From: Association of acetaminophen use with perinatal outcomes among pregnant women: a retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching

Outcomes

Control (n = 501) n (%)

Acetaminophen use (once a day) (n = 437) n (%)

Crude OR

(95% CI)

*Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

Acetaminophen use (more than twice a day) (n = 64) n (%)

Crude OR

(95% CI)

*Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

Stillbirth

       

 Yes

24 (4.8)

36 (8.2)

1.78(1.05–3.04)

2.24(1.14–4.40)

5 (7.8)

1.68(0.62–4.58)

2.82(0.71–11.26)

 No

477 (95.2)

401 (91.8)

  

59 (92.2)

  

Miscarriage

       

 Yes

24 (4.8)

32 (7.3)

1.57(0.91–2.71)

1.82(0.91–3.64)

4 (6.2)

1.33(0.45–3.95)

1.86(0.43–8.13)

 No

477 (95.2)

405 (92.7)

  

60 (93.8)

  

Preterm birth

       

 Yes

42 (8.4)

35 (8.0)

0.95(0.60–1.52)

0.89(0.55–1.45)

12 (18.7)

2.52(1.25–5.09)

2.40(1.12–5.18)

 No

459 (91.6)

402 (92.0)

  

52 (81.3)

  

APGAR score at 1 min

       

 < 7

20 (4.0)

40 (9.2)

2.42(1.39–4.21)

3.08(1.60–5.92)

7 (10.9)

2.95(1.20–7.29)

5.22(1.68–16.25)

 Normal

481 (96.0)

397 (90.8)

  

57 (89.1)

  

APGAR score at 5 min

       

 < 7

18 (3.6)

37 (8.5)

2.48(1.39–4.43)

3.46(1.67–7.15)

5 (7.8)

2.27(0.81–6.35)

4.23(1.08–16.62)

 Normal

483 (96.4)

400 (91.5)

  

59 (92.2)

  

APGAR score at 10 min

       

 < 7

19 (3.8)

36 (8.2)

2.28(1.29–4.03)

3.09(1.51–6.34)

5 (7.8)

2.15(0.77–5.97)

3.97(1.01–15.57)

 Normal

482 (96.2)

401 (91.8)

  

59 (92.2)

  

LBW

       

 Yes

33 (6.6)

26 (5.9)

0.90(0.53–1.53)

0.87(0.50–1.51)

5 (7.8)

1.20(0.45–3.20)

1.25(0.44–3.58)

 No

468 (93.4)

411 (94.1)

  

59 (92.2)

  

HBW

       

 Yes

26 (5.2)

37 (8.5)

1.69(1.01–2.84)

1.79(1.06–3.03)

5 (7.8)

1.55(0.57–4.19)

1.52(0.54–4.26)

 No

475 (94.8)

400 (91.5)

  

59 (92.2)

  

Birth defects

       

 Yes

37 (7.4)

24 (5.5)

0.73(0.43–1.24)

0.75(0.44–1.28)

2 (3.1)

0.41(0.10–1.72)

0.38(0.087–1.69)

 No

464 (92.6)

413 (94.5)

  

62 (96.9)

  

At least one outcome#

       

 Yes

132 (26.3)

129 (29.5)

1.17(0.88–1.56)

1.19(0.89–1.61)

22 (34.4)

1.46(0.84–2.55)

1.54(0.85–2.78)

 No

369 (73.7)

308 (70.5)

  

42 (65.6)

  
  1. The prevalence of outcomes in the control group and acetaminophen use group were expressed as n (%)
  2. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CIs, confidence intervals; LBW, low birth weight; HBW, high birth weight
  3. *Adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, number of previous pregnancies, previous live births, history of adverse pregnancy outcomes, type of labour, infection with COVID−19, comorbidities, and co-medication
  4. #Including stillbirth, miscarriage, preterm birth, APGAR score at 1 min, 5 min, and 10 min, LBW, HBW, and congenital disabilities
Back to article page

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

Contact us