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Table 4 Regression analyses of neonatal outcomes in untreated groups compared to controls or the treated groups

From: Neonatal outcomes according to different glucose threshold values in gestational diabetes: a register-based study

  

Untreated IADPSG

Untreated NICE

Comparison

 

Controls

Treated IADPSG

Controls

Treated NICE

Composite adverse neonatal outcome

Unadjusted OR

1.10 (0.80–1.50)

0.39 (0.28–0.53)

1.35 (0.83–2.19)

0.37 (0.23–0.62)

Model I

1.07 (0.77–1.48)

0.39 (0.28–0.54)

1.26 (0.75–2.09)

0.35 (0.20–0.60)

Model II

1.01 (0.71–1.44)

0.38 (0.27–0.53)

1.05 (0.60–1.85)

0.32 (0.18–0.57)

Hypoglycaemia

Unadjusted OR

1.38 (0.81–2.36)

0.20 (0.12–0.34)

1.50 (0.64–3.50)

0.18 (0.08–0.41)

Model I

1.32 (0.76–2.31)

0.20 (0.12–0.33)

1.59 (0.68–3.76)

0.21 (0.09–0.49)

Model II

1.24 (0.70–2.20)

0.19 (0.11–0.33)

1.34 (0.55–3.28)

0.21 (0.09–0.49)

Hyperbilirubinaemia

Unadjusted OR

1.12 (0.76–1.65)

0.74 (0.49–1.11)

0.95 (0.48–1.90)

0.51 (0.25–1.03)

Model I

1.11 (0.75–1.67)

0.75 (0.49–1.14)

0.87 (0.42–1.81)

0.44 (0.20–0.95)

Model II

1.04 (0.67–1.63)

0.79 (0.51–1.23)

0.61 (0.26–1.40)

0.41 (0.17–0.98)

Perinatal mortality

Unadjusted OR

1.0 (0.12–8.26)

0.51 (0.06–4.35)

6.15 (1.23–30.7)

1.85 (0.34–10.00)

Model I

-

 

4.02 (0.44–36.4)

1.05 (0.10–11.11)

Model II

-

 

3.69 (0.24–57.9)

-

Birth trauma

Unadjusted OR

0.61 (0.22–1.71)

0.41 (0.16–1.41)

1.41 (0.43–4.62)

0.85 (0.24–3.03)

Model I

0.58 (0.20–1.65)

0.46 (0.16–1.37)

1.46 (0.44–4.83)

0.86 (0.17–2.27)

Model II

0.57 (0.20–1.63)

0.45 (0.15–1.37)

1.51 (0.46–5.02)

0.65 (0.17–2.44)

  1. IADPSG The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups
  2. NICE The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
  3. OR Odds ratio
  4. The composite adverse neonatal outcome included neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, birth trauma or perinatal mortality
  5. Birth trauma included clavicle fracture or Erb’s palsy
  6. Model I: adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking and socioeconomic status; Model II: adjusted for the variables in Model I, preterm birth: < 37 weeks of gestation, very high birth weight: > 4.5 kg, very low birth weight: < 2.5 kg, and maternal hypertension (pre-pregnancy or pregnancy-induced)