Variable | Non-drug pain relief (n = 33) | drug pain relief(n = 33) | MD (95% CI)a | P-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Mean (SDb) | Mean (SDb) |  |  |
Pain intensity before intervention (Score range: 0 to 10) | 5.60(2.58) | 6.51(1.76) | -0.90(-1.99 to 0.18) | 0.10* |
Pain intensity after intervention (Score range: 0 to 10) | 6.60(1.44) | 4.72(1.48) | -1.89(-3.06 to-0.8) | 0.03†|
Apgar score of the first minute | 8.7(0.5) | 8.4(0.4) | 0.3(-0.6to0.2) | 1.0* |
Apgar score of the five minute | 8.8(0.6) | 8.6(0.6) | 0.2(-0.5to0.1) | 1.0* |
Mode of Delivery in all participants | Â | Â | Â | 0.08Â¥ |
Normal vaginal delivery (spontaneous) (NVD) | 33(100) | 31(94) | Â | Â |
Emergency cesarean section | 0(0.0) | 2(6.1) | Â | Â |