Characteristic | Controls  n = 177 | PE  n = 98a | Early-onset PE  n = 13a, a1 | Preterm PE  n = 24a | SGA and PE  n = 20a | GH  n = 25 | SGA  n = 41 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) | 29 ± 5 | 28 ± 6 | 29 ± 4 | 29 ± 5 | 30 ± 6 | 32 ± 5c | 29 ± 5 |
Nullipara - n (%) | 78 (44) | 78 (80)b | 10 (77)c | 17 (71)c | 19 (95)b | 17 (68)c | 29 (71)c |
Smokers - n (%) | 16 (9) | 8 (8) | 2 (15) | 3 (13) | 1 (5) | 1 (4) | 7 (17) |
GA at sampling (weeks) | 10.2 ± 0.9 | 10.4 ± 0.9 | 10.6 ± 0.8 | 10.5 ± 0.8 | 10.4 ± 1 | 10.1 ± 0.7 | 10.4 ± 0.8 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25 ± 5 | 26 ± 5 | 27 ± 6 | 26 ± 6 | 25 ± 5 | 27 ± 6 | 23 ± 5 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | |||||||
 Syst. 1st trimester | 120 ± 12 | 125 ± 15c | 133 ± 22c | 130 ± 20c | 122 ± 12 | 127 ± 13c | 123 ± 12c |
 Diast. 1st trimester | 74 ± 10 | 78 ± 11c | 80 ± 14 | 79 ± 15 | 76 ± 11 | 78 ± 11 | 76 ± 8 |
 Proteinuria (g/24 h) | ND | 2.5 (0.7–3.2) | 4.8 (1.5–8.5) | 4.1 (1.4–5.1) | 2.7 (1.3–5.1) | ND | ND |
 HELLP - n (%) | 0 | 7 (7)b | 1 (8)b | 3 (13)b | 1 (5)c | 0 | 0 |
 Chronic disease - n (%) | 22(12) | 21 (21)c | 5 (38)c | 7 (29)c | 5 (25) | 4 (16) | 8 (20) |
 Hypertension - n (%) | 0 | 7 (7)b | 1 (8)b | 2 (8)b | 2 (10)b | 0 | 0 |
 Diabetes - n (%) | 1(0.6) | 4 (4)c | 3 (23)b | 4 (16)b | 0 | 0 | 1 (2) |
 Gestational DM - n (%) | 28 (16) | 21 (21) | 2 (15) | 3 (13) | 1 (5) | 6 (24) | 8 (20) |
 Diagnosis <34 wk -n (%) | 0 (0) | 13 (13) | 13 (100) | 13 (54) | 2 (10) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
 Delivery - weeks | 40.1 ± 1.1 | 38 ± 2.9b | 32.4 ± 3b | 34.3 ± 3.1b | 40 ± 2b | 39.4 ± 1.7c | 40 ± 0.9 |
 Birth weight (kg) | 3.6 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.8b | 1.6 ± 0.6b | 2.1 ± 0.8b | 2.3 ± 0.5b | 3.2 ± 0.6b | 2.9 ± 0.2b |
 SGA - n (%) | 0 | 20 (20)b | 2 (15)b | 6 (25)b | 20 (100)b | 8 (32)b | 41 (100)b |
 Umbilical artery pH | 7.24 ± 0.09 | 7.22 ± 0.09 | 7.22 ± 0.1 | 7.22 ± 0.09 | 7.21 ± 0.1 | 7.22 ± 0.09 | 7.23 ± 0.08 |
 Placental weight (g) | 620 ± 120 | 530 ± 150b | 370 ± 100b | 430 ± 160b | 410 ± 110b | 500 ± 130b | 540 ± 100b |