Table 3 Results of logistic regression analysis
Variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
Socio-economic and Demographic Variables | ||
Place of residence | Â | NS |
Hill | 1.00 | - |
Plain | 3.93 (2.85-5.43) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Ethnicity | Â | - |
Disadvantaged caste | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Advantaged caste | 3.93 (2.69-5.74) | 1.98 (1.15-3.42) |
(p < 0.001) | (p = 0.014) | |
Wealth index | Â | NS |
Poorer | 1.00 | - |
Better | 5.79 (4.14-8.09) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Maternal educational status | Â | NS |
No education | 1.00 | - |
Primary education | 2.22 (1.47-3.36) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Secondary or higher education | 7.28 (4.81-11.00) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Maternal age | Â | NS |
15-19 years | 1.00 | - |
20-29 years | 0.68 (0.47-0.98) | - |
(p = 0.04) | ||
30Â years and above | 0.41 (0.23-0.73) | - |
(p = 0.003) | ||
Birth order | Â | NS |
1st | 9.40 (5.55-15.93) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
2nd to 3rd | 3.70 (2.20-6.20) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
4th or more | 1.00 | - |
Variables Related to Role of Family and Neighbours | ||
Final decision-maker | Â | Â |
Woman herself | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Woman and family members jointly | 5.28 (3.57-7.82) | 5.43 (2.91-10.16) |
(p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | |
Other family members/FCHV | 10.16 (6.53-15.82) | 4.61 (2.56-8.28) |
(p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | |
Support of husband | Â | Â |
Encourages home delivery | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Encourages institutional delivery | 44.81 (22.02-91.21) | 19.85 (8.53-46.21) |
(p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | |
No response | 3.19 (1.35-7.52) | 2.85 (0.99-8.22) |
(p = 0.008) | (p = 0.52) | |
Support of neighbours | Â | NS |
Encourage home delivery | 1.00 | - |
Encourage institutional delivery | 15.31 (9.23-25.42) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
No response | 2.98 (1.56-5.69) | - |
(p = 0.001) | ||
Perceived Need-related Variables | ||
Birth preparation | Â | Â |
No preparation | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Preparation | 5.20 (3.74-7.23) | 1.75 (1.04-2.92) |
(p < 0.001) | (p = 0.034) | |
Number of ANC check-ups | Â | NS |
1 to 3 | 4.66 (2.23-9.73) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
4 or more | 23.64 (11.14-50.14) (p < 0.001) | - |
No ANC | 1.00 | - |
Experience of complications | Â | Â |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 2.63 (1.82-3.79) | 2.88 (1.67-4.98) |
(p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | |
Perceived Health Service-related Variables | Â | Â |
Availability of skilled health worker | ||
Sometimes | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Always | 4.84 (2.88-8.14) | 2.70 (1.20-6.07) |
(p < 0.001) | (p = 0.016) | |
Don’t know | 0.22 (0.09-0.54) | 2.46 (0.54-11.22) |
(p = 0.001) | (p = 0.247) | |
Health worker care and respect | Â | NS |
Sometimes | 1.00 | - |
Always | 3.35 (1.95-5.74) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Don’t know | 0.19 (0.08-0.45) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Availability of drugs and equipment | Â | NS |
Sometimes | 1.00 | - |
Always | 1.41 (0.98-2.03) | - |
(p = 0.07) | ||
Don’t know | 0.08 (0.04-0.18) | - |
(p < 0.001) | ||
Adequacy of physical facilities | Â | Â |
Insufficient | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Sufficient | 1.29 (0.89-1.86) | 1.04 (0.59-1.84) |
(p < 0.173) | (p = 0.892) | |
Don’t know | 0.08 (0.04-0.14) | 0.14 (0.05-0.41) |
(p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | |
Distance to Birthing Facility | Â | Â |
<1Â hour | 10.27 (7.16-14.73) | 2.15 (1.26-3.69) |
(p < 0.001) | (p = 0.005) | |
1Â hour or more | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Nagelkerke’s R-square |  | 0.673 |
Hosmer and lemeshow statistics | Â | 0.439 |