Table 5 Effect of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy on small for gestational age (< 10th percentile) and stillbirth, with modeling of effect-modification by twin pregnancy and maternal smoking, Nova Scotia, 1988–2000.
Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value | |
Small for gestational age | |||
Normotensive women | 1.0 | - | - |
Gestational hypertension without proteinuria | 1.5 | 1.4,1.6 | <0.001 |
Gestational hypertension with proteinuria | 3.7 | 3.3,4.1 | <0.001 |
Pre-existing hypertension | 2.5 | 2.1,3.0 | <0.001 |
Twins | 4.7 | 4.3,5.2 | <0.001 |
Gestational hypertension without proteinuria × twins | 0.7 | 0.6,0.9 | 0.01 |
Gestational hypertension with proteinuria × twins | 0.3 | 0.2,0.4 | <0.001 |
Pre-existing hypertension × twins | 0.7 | 0.3,1.4 | 0.29 |
Smoking | 2.9 | 2.8,3.0 | <0.001 |
Gestational hypertension without proteinuria × smoking | 1.0 | 0.9,1.2 | 0.96 |
Gestational hypertension with proteinuria × smoking | 0.9 | 0.7,1.1 | 0.28 |
Pre-existing hypertension × smoking | 0.6 | 0.4,0.8 | 0.002 |
Stillbirth | |||
Normotensive women | 1.0 | - | - |
Gestational hypertension without proteinuria | 0.8 | 0.5,1.2 | 0.24 |
Gestational hypertension with proteinuria | 1.4 | 0.6,2.9 | 0.42 |
Pre-existing hypertension | 3.5 | 2.0,6.2 | <0.001 |
Smoking | 1.4 | 1.2,1.7 | <0.001 |
Gestational hypertension without proteinuria × smoking | 2.5 | 1.3,4.7 | 0.006 |
Gestational hypertension with proteinuria × smoking | 1.8 | 0.4,5.3 | 0.33 |
Pre-existing hypertension × smoking | 0.6 | 0.1,2.5 | 0.43 |