Table 1 Population characteristics of HIV-infected women spontaneously delivering singleton, HIV-uninfected infants
| Â | N | Median (IQR) or proportion (n) |
|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic | Â | Â |
  Married | 413 | 90% (372) |
  Employed | 413 | 30% (123) |
  Years education | 408 | 8 (8–11) |
Physical and Obstetric (Current pregnancy) | Â | Â |
  Age (years) | 413 | 25 (22–28) |
  Body mass index at 32 weeks | 400 | 24 (23–26) |
  Parity | 409 | 1 (1–2) |
  Pre-eclampsia | 408 | 1.5% (6) |
  Eclampsia | 407 | 0.25% (1) |
  Place of delivery |  |  |
    Kenyatta National Hospital | 412 | 85% (350) |
    Other facility | 412 | 6.1% (25) |
    Home | 412 | 7.5% (31) |
    En route to hospital | 412 | 1.5% (6) |
  Caesarean section | 394 | 15% (58) |
  Alcohol use | 410 | 3.9% (16) |
  Cigarette smoking | 412 | 1.2% (5) |
Vaginal infections at 32 weeks | Â | Â |
  Bacterial vaginosis | 385 | 37% (144) |
  Candida | 408 | 30% (124) |
  Cervical PMN ≥3 per high-powered field | 336 | 61% (204) |
  Abnormal vaginal discharge | 408 | 50% (204) |
  Cervical blood | 408 | 4.7% (19) |
  Trichomonas vaginalis | 408 | 16% (65) |
  Chlamydia trachomatis | 407 | 3.9% (16) |
  Treponema pallidum | 409 | 2.4% (10) |
  Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 407 | 2.0% (8) |
  Any sexually transmitted infectiona | 413 | 21% (88) |
Immunologic and virologic | Â | Â |
  CD4 cells/mm3 <350 | 401 | 34% (137) |
  CD4 percent <15 | 401 | 15% (60) |
  Log10 plasma HIV-1 RNA load | 396 | 4.7 (4.2-5.2) |
  Log10 cervical HIV-1 RNA load | 315 | 2.0 (1.4-2.9) |
  Cervical HIV DNA detectable | 315 | 72% (227) |
Delivery | Â | Â |
  Baby female | 412 | 46% (191) |
  Dubowitz estimated maturity (weeks) | 335 | 40 (39–41) |
  Premature | 335 | 9.9% (33) |
   Dubowitz estimated maturity in preterm (weeks) | 33 | 35 (34–36) |
  Low birth weight | 332 | 6.0% (20) |
   Birth weight in low birth weight infants (kg) | 332 | 2.2 (1.5-2.4) |
  Small for gestational age | 311 | 9.0% (28) |