Factors associated with health facility childbirth in districts of Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia: a population based survey

Table 2 Frequencies and proportions of health facility childbirths by socio-economic, socio-demographic and proximate factors in rural and urban areas of Malindi, Mbarali and Kapiri Mposhi in women aged 15–49 years (N = 1800) ^§

	MALINDI				MBARALI				KAPIRI MPOSHI
	Frequency n		Proportion of facility childbirths (%)		Frequency n		Proportion of facility childbirths (%)		Frequency n		Proportion of facility childbirths (%)
	R†	U‡	R	U	R	U	R	U	R	U	R	U
Underlying factors#	n = 418	n = 165			n = 373	n = 314			n = 299	n = 231
SEP
Low	239	29	11.3	37.9	114	81	64.0	70.4	141	59	26.4	72.9
Middle	106	43	19.8	41.9	124	112	65.3	67.0	74	68	45.9	76.5
High	73	93	21.9	69.9	135	121	79.3	85.1	84	104	46.4	79.8
Age
15 - 19 years	29	18	24.1	55.6	18	22	55.6	77.3	27	19	29.6	78.9
20-29 years	204	89	17.7	53.9	206	167	70.4	77.8	140	122	39.3	75.4
30+ years	185	58	11.4	62.1	149	125	71.1	70.4	132	89	35.9	78.7
Marital status
Married	378	128	15.6	55.5	366	302	69.7	74.8	250	185	37.8	80.0
Single/Divorced	40	37	12.5	62.2	7	12	85.7	75.0	49	46	32.7	65.2
*Proximate factors##*
Trust-Quality
Bad	148	64	14.9	57.8	247	177	72.9	68.4	154	134	35.1	76.1
Good	258	97	16.0	54.6	107	114	67.3	87.7	137	83	40.4	79.5
Perceived cost
Not at all/little	140	70	19.3	68.6	229	88	71.6	62.5	191	156	36.6	74.4
Fairly	161	47	15.0	48.9	43	52	72.1	73.1	38	35	47.4	82.9
Much/ very much	110	48	10.9	47.9	98	168	67.3	83.3	69	39	30.9	82.1
Perceived distance
Not at all/little	131	124	26.0	57.3	225	130	73.8	73.1	135	160	43.0	76.9
Fairly	120	34	16.0	58.8	36	47	72.2	83.0	28	24	28.6	83.3
Much/ very much	161	7	6.2	42.9	110	131	61.8	75.6	135	46	32.1	73.9
ANC visits
0-3 visits	179	61	9.6	47.5	140	110	64.3	72.7	102	70	29.7	68.6
4+ visits	239	104	19.7	62.5	233	204	73.4	76.0	197	161	40.6	80.7
Ever HIV tested
Yes	258	105	16.3	61.9	120	94	75.8	87.2	112	127	44.6	81.1
No	158	60	14.0	48.3	253	218	67.2	69.3	185	101	32.6	73.3

^§Women with childbirth in the previous five years before and until 2007 were included.
†R Indicates rural.
‡U Indicates urban.
^#Total numbers in urban Kapiri Mposhi for age variable do not add up to 231 due to one missing value.
^##Total numbers in the different categories of proximate factors do not add up to the sub-total ‘n’ due to missing values.

ISSN: 1471-2393