From: Prediction of maternal quality of life on preterm birth and low birthweight: a longitudinal study
Physical health | Mental health | Social health | General health | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | M±SD | Z/X 2 | p | M±SD | Z/X 2 | p | M±SD | Z/X 2 | p | M±SD | Z/X 2 | p | |
T1 | |||||||||||||
Parity | -.77 | .44 | −1.80 | .07 | −1.62 | .10 | −2.06 | .04 | |||||
Primipara | 111 | 60.90±15.29 | 71.26±16.24 | 67.30±16.29 | 66.49±11.70 | ||||||||
Multipara | 87 | 57.82±20.37 | 66.09±19.96 | 62.53±17.73 | 62.15±14.77 | ||||||||
Employment | -.51 | .61 | −4.05 | <.001 | −3.06 | .002 | −3.39 | .001 | |||||
Employed | 126 | 60.16±17.43 | 72.78±18.09 | 67.94±16.94 | 66.96±13.11 | ||||||||
Unemployed | 72 | 58.47±18.28 | 62.36±16.23 | 60.42±16.31 | 60.42±12.61 | ||||||||
Education | -.24 | .81 | −2.10 | .04 | −1.52 | .13 | −1.15 | .25 | |||||
Lower than college | 63 | 59.84±20.12 | 64.76±19.25 | 62.22±16.50 | 62.28±14.87 | ||||||||
College or higher | 135 | 59.41±16.56 | 70.96±17.27 | 66.59±17.20 | 65.65±12.38 | ||||||||
Happy or unhappy about the pregnancy | 1.07 | .59 | 8.70 | .01 | 3.59 | .17 | 6.94 | .03 | |||||
Happy | 160 | 60.06±17.43 | 70.25±17.55 | 66.06±17.20 | 65.46±12.77 | ||||||||
Unhappy | 13 | 54.62±15.06 | 56.92±10.32 | 57.69±14.23 | 56.41±8.97 | ||||||||
Uncertain | 25 | 58.80±20.88 | 67.20±22.46 | 63.60±17.05 | 63.20±16.82 | ||||||||
T4 | |||||||||||||
Parity | -.71 | .48 | -.24 | .81 | −1.09 | .28 | -.09 | .93 | |||||
Primipara | 111 | 59.55±19.42 | 69.19±20.85 | 61.62±15.46 | 66.79±15.54 | ||||||||
Multipara | 87 | 70.57±20.65 | 70.11±21.16 | 58.51±17.56 | 66.40±16.27 | ||||||||
Employment | −1.51 | .13 | −3.21 | .001 | −2.71 | .01 | −3.02 | .003 | |||||
Employed | 116 | 71.81±19.32 | 73.45±20.26 | 63.19±14.12 | 69.48±14.94 | ||||||||
Unemployed | 82 | 67.44±20.60 | 64.15±20.78 | 56.10±18.58 | 62.56±16.24 | ||||||||
Being taken care of | -.17 | .87 | -.68 | .50 | -.18 | .86 | -.21 | .83 | |||||
Yes | 192 | 70.10±19.66 | 69.43±20.70 | 60.31±16.37 | 66.61±15.63 | ||||||||
No | 6 | 66.67±29.44 | 75.00±29.50 | 58.33±20.41 | 66.67±23.29 | ||||||||
Baby sitter | −1.66 | .10 | −1.59 | .11 | −1.77 | .08 | −1.84 | .07 | |||||
Yes | 155 | 71.23±19.72 | 70.90±20.24 | 61.35±16.00 | 67.83±15.22 | ||||||||
No | 43 | 65.58±20.27 | 64.88±22.93 | 56.28±17.60 | 62.25±17.35 | ||||||||
Baby’s gender | -.67 | .51 | −1.73 | .08 | -.34 | .73 | −1.32 | .19 | |||||
Male | 106 | 70.94±20.07 | 71.98±20.54 | 60.75±15.16 | 67.89±15.65 | ||||||||
Female | 91 | 69.23±19.68 | 67.14±21.10 | 59.67±17.98 | 65.35±15.95 | ||||||||
Baby’s sleep patterns | 3.70 | .16 | 1.49 | .48 | 2.81 | .25 | 3.39 | .18 | |||||
Serious problem | 15 | 60.00±25.07 | 64.67±24.75 | 56.67±13.45 | 60.44±18.38 | ||||||||
Manageable | 73 | 69.04±18.12 | 67.81±21.42 | 57.67±15.14 | 64.84±14.98 | ||||||||
Small problem | 89 | 71.46±19.57 | 71.24±19.70 | 61.24±16.91 | 67.98±15.56 | ||||||||
Not a problem | 21 | 74.29±22.26 | 72.38±21.89 | 67.62±18.95 | 71.43±16.88 | ||||||||
Maternity leave | .20 | .91 | 2.24 | .33 | 4.00 | .14 | 1.55 | .46 | |||||
Paid leave | 96 | 73.33±18.33 | 74.58±19.41 | 64.79±13.69 | 70.90±13.83 | ||||||||
No-pay leave | 26 | 69.62±22.36 | 69.23±22.96 | 56.92±18.28 | 65.26±19.05 | ||||||||
No leave/not employed | 76 | 65.92±20.47 | 63.42±20.69 | 55.66±17.61 | 61.67±15.68 | ||||||||
Birth method | −1.63 | .10 | -.19 | .85 | -.30 | .77 | -.68 | .50 | |||||
Vaginal delivery | 143 | 60.98±17.21 | 69.51±17.78 | 65.38±17.11 | 65.29±12.61 | ||||||||
Cesarean section | 54 | 56.48±18.14 | 68.15±18.84 | 64.44±17.12 | 63.02±14.81 |