All births | Referred | Self-referred | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 20,662/21,255 | N = 4,004/4,150 | N = 14,708/15,041 | ||||
Factors | % | CS rate | % | CS rate | % | CS rate |
†Age, years (median 27) | ||||||
< 20 | 9.6 | 29.7 | 15.0 | 45.7 | 8.5 | 22.2 |
20-24 | 27.2 | 30.2 | 27.9 | 53.2 | 27.6 | 23.9 |
25-29 | 28.7 | 33.0 | 23.8 | 59.3 | 30.0 | 27.4 |
30-35 | 24.3 | 35.3 | 22.0 | 58.7 | 24.5 | 29.9 |
> 35 | 10.1 | 35.6 | 11.4 | 55.5 | 9.4 | 30.6 |
†Parity (mean 1.3, median 1) | ||||||
0 | 38.5 | 28.9 | 40.3 | 48.8 | 39.0 | 23.1 |
1-4 | 58.1 | 35.6 | 55.0 | 60.4 | 58.2 | 29.7 |
> = 5 | 3.4 | 28.7 | 4.7 | 46.0 | 2.8 | 21.8 |
Maternal education | ||||||
None | 2.2 | 45.2 | 4.2 | 58.7 | 1.7 | 35.7 |
Primary (1-7) | 64.8 | 34.7 | 77.9 | 55.2 | 61.5 | 28.0 |
Secondary (8-11) | 4.7 | 29.0 | 3.9 | 53.8 | 4.9 | 24.9 |
Higher (12+) | 28.0 | 27.8 | 14.0 | 53.7 | 31.9 | 24.6 |
†Current residence | ||||||
Rural | 46.2 | 38.1 | 67.2 | 53.4 | 40.2 | 31.9 |
Urban | 49.3 | 27.4 | 27.9 | 57.9 | 55.3 | 23.1 |
Semi urban | 4.5 | 36.3 | 4.9 | 60.7 | 4.5 | 29.6 |
Female Genital Mutilation | ||||||
FGM, any type | 25.2 | 36.5 | 32.4 | 55.9 | 23.0 | 29.5 |
No FGM | 74.8 | 31.5 | 67.6 | 54.7 | 77.0 | 26.2 |
HIV status | ||||||
†HIV test recorded | 47.9 | 31.8 | 39.6 | 50.4 | 52.7 | 28.1 |
HIV + (of recorded) | 6.4 | 32.4 | 7.3 | 44.8 | 6.3 | 29.5 |
Antenatal care | ||||||
One visit or more | 99.2 | 32.7 | 99.2 | 55.1 | 99.3 | 26.9 |
4 visits or more | 75.5 | 32.1 | 60.2 | 55.5 | 76.5 | 26.7 |
†Serious mat. morbidity* | ||||||
Yes | 5.4 | 47.9 | 8.6 | 56.5 | 4.4 | 43.2 |
No | 94.6 | 31.9 | 91.4 | 54.9 | 95.6 | 26.2 |
†Low birth weight (g) | ||||||
< 2500 | 13.1 | 32.2 | 18.5 | 49.4 | 11.6 | 33.6 |
> = 2500 | 86.9 | 38.6 | 81.5 | 56.1 | 88.4 | 26.4 |
Outcomes | ||||||
†Haemorrhage** | ||||||
> = 750 cc | 2.3 | 81.3 | 3.5 | 83.3 | 2.0 | 80.4 |
< 750 cc | 97.7 | 31.3 | 96.5 | 47.9 | 98.0 | 26.6 |
†Postpartum stay | ||||||
> 9 days | 2.1 | 57.0 | 3.6 | 69.9 | 1.8 | 50.2 |
< = 9 days | 97.9 | 31.7 | 96.4 | 54.3 | 98.2 | 26.0 |
†Maternal death | ||||||
Yes | 0.1 | 40.7 | 0.2 | 37.5 | 0.1 | 44.4 |
No | 99.9 | 32.7 | 99.8 | 54.9 | 99.9 | 26.9 |
†Apgar score | ||||||
Apgar < 7 at 5" | 2.7 | 48.8 | 5.1 | 57.8 | 2.1 | 42.9 |
Apgar > = 7 at 5" | 97.3 | 32.7 | 94.9 | 55.3 | 97.7 | 27.0 |
†Neonatal death | ||||||
Yes | 1.0 | 44.0 | 1.9 | 46.8 | 0.7 | 43.1 |
No | 99.0 | 32.8 | 98.1 | 54.9 | 99.3 | 27.0 |
†Transfer to neonatal ward | ||||||
Yes | 14.2 | 21.8 | 21.5 | 61.9 | 12.2 | 45.3 |
No | 85.8 | 10.5 | 78.5 | 52.7 | 87.8 | 24.6 |